Cooperative Beamforming for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Symbiotic Radios

• Published in: IEEE transactions on vehicular technology Vol. 71; no. 11; pp. 11677 - 11692
• Main Authors: Zhou, Hu, Kang, Xin, Liang, Ying-Chang, Sun, Sumei, Shen, Xuemin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.11.2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Array signal processing; Backscatter; Beamforming; Cooperative beamforming; Environmental monitoring; Fading channels; Information transfer; Minimization; Optimization; power minimization; Radio; reconfigurable intelligent surface; Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces; Signal to noise ratio; Symbiosis; symbiotic radio; Symmetric matrices; Transmission line matrix methods
• ISSN: 0018-9545; 1939-9359
• DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2022.3190515

In this paper, we study a novel reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) enabled symbiotic radio system, where a RIS is used to enhance the communication between the primary transmitter (PTx) and the primary receiver (PRx), and concurrently transmit its information (e.g., environmental monitoring information) to the PRx by varying the phase shifts. The objective is to cooperatively optimize the active transmit beamforming at the PTx and passive reflecting beamforming at the RIS to minimize the PTx's transmit power, subject to the signal-to-noise ratio constraints of primary and RIS transmissions. A new optimization problem is formulated where the RIS phase shifts are not only related to the channel state information (CSI), but also related to its message. First, we consider the perfect CSI setup to draw useful insights into the cooperative beamforming design between the PTx and RIS. Then, the worst-case robust beamforming design is carried out under the imperfect CSI setup. In particular, we take into account the imperfect successive interference cancellation at the PRx. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness of the RIS information transfer and the integration of RIS into a symbiotic radio system can significantly improve the performance.