In vitro and in vivo toxicity assessment of nanoparticles

Nanotechnology has revolutionized gene therapy, diagnostics and environmental remediation. Their bulk production, uses and disposal have posed threat to the environment. With the appearance of these nanoparticles in the environment, their toxicity assessment is an immediate concern. This review is a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inInternational nano letters Vol. 7; no. 4; pp. 243 - 256
Main Authors Kumar, Vinay, Sharma, Neha, Maitra, S. S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.12.2017
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Aluminum
Bacteria
Biocompatibility
Biotechnology
Carbon nanotubes
Chemistry and Materials Science
Crustaceans
Gene expression
Gene therapy
Gold
Liver
Lysosomes
Macrophages
Materials Science
Nanochemistry
Nanoparticles
Nanoscale Science and Technology
Nanotechnology
Organs
Quantum dots
Review
Silicon dioxide
Spleen
Surgical implants
Toxicity
Zebrafish
Nanoparticles
Diagnostics
Toxicity assessment
In-vivo toxicity
In-vitro toxicity
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Summary:Nanotechnology has revolutionized gene therapy, diagnostics and environmental remediation. Their bulk production, uses and disposal have posed threat to the environment. With the appearance of these nanoparticles in the environment, their toxicity assessment is an immediate concern. This review is an attempt to summarize the major techniques used in cytotoxity determination. The review also presents a detailed and elaborative discussion on the toxicity imposed by different types of nanoparticles including carbon nanotubes, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, quantum dots, fullerenes, aluminium nanoparticles, zinc nanoparticles, iron nanoparticles, titanium nanoparticles and silica nanoparticles. It discusses the in vitro and in vivo toxological effects of nanoparticles on bacteria, microalgae, zebrafish, crustacean, fish, rat, mouse, pig, guinea pig, human cell lines and human. It also discusses toxological effects on organs such as liver, kidney, spleen, sperm, neural tissues, liver lysosomes, spleen macrophages, glioblastoma cells, hematoma cells and various mammalian cell lines. It provides information about the effects of nanoparticles on the gene-expression, growth and reproduction of the organisms.
ISSN:2008-9295
2228-5326
DOI:10.1007/s40089-017-0221-3