Axon selection From a polarized cytoplasm to a migrating neuron
The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals, and several shorter and thicker dendrites, which will receive signals. The understanding of the means by which neurons acquire a polarized morphology is a...
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Published in | Communicative & integrative biology Vol. 4; no. 3; pp. 304 - 307 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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United States
Taylor & Francis
01.05.2011
Landes Bioscience |
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Abstract | The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals, and several shorter and thicker dendrites, which will receive signals. The understanding of the means by which neurons acquire a polarized morphology is a fundamental issue in developmental neurobiology. The current view suggests that axon selection involves a stochastic mechanism. However, new data suggest that a polarized cytoplasm not only determines the position of neurite emergence, but also sets the conditions for morphological polarization. In vertebrates, neurons migrate before establishing their final morphology. Recent work shows that the polarized cytoplasm also determines how neurons migrate. Thus, neuronal migration might influence the processes by which neurons form an axon. |
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AbstractList | The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals and several shorter and thicker dendrites, which will receive signals. The understanding of the means by which neurons acquire a polarized morphology is a fundamental issue in developmental neurobiology. The current view suggests that axon selection involves a stochastic mechanism. However, new data suggest that a polarized cytoplasm not only determines the position of neurite emergence, but also sets the conditions for morphological polarization. In vertebrates, neurons migrate before establishing their final morphology. Recent work shows that the polarized cytoplasm also determines how neurons migrate. Thus, neuronal migration might influence the processes by which neurons form an axon. The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals, and several shorter and thicker dendrites, which will receive signals. The understanding of the means by which neurons acquire a polarized morphology is a fundamental issue in developmental neurobiology. The current view suggests that axon selection involves a stochastic mechanism. However, new data suggest that a polarized cytoplasm not only determines the position of neurite emergence, but also sets the conditions for morphological polarization. In vertebrates, neurons migrate before establishing their final morphology. Recent work shows that the polarized cytoplasm also determines how neurons migrate. Thus, neuronal migration might influence the processes by which neurons form an axon. |
Author | Calderon de Anda, Froylan Tsai, Li-Huei |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research; Broad Institute; Cambridge, MA USA 1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA USA 2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cambridge, MA USA |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cambridge, MA USA – name: 1 Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences; Picower Institute for Learning and Memory; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge, MA USA – name: 3 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research; Broad Institute; Cambridge, MA USA |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Froylan surname: Calderon de Anda fullname: Calderon de Anda, Froylan email: fcaldero@mit.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Li-Huei surname: Tsai fullname: Tsai, Li-Huei |
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Cites_doi | 10.1002/cne.10421 10.1038/nn.2665 10.1038/nn1172 10.1038/nature03811 10.1038/nature02825 10.1016/j.devcel.2005.05.007 10.1186/1749-8104-1-2 10.1002/cne.901790407 10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.019 10.1126/science.283.5409.1931 10.1126/science.282.5395.1904 10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00124-0 10.1016/j.cub.2004.11.009 10.1083/jcb.201004154 10.1002/(SICI)1521-1878(200002)22:2<172::AID-BIES8>3.0.CO;2-Q 10.1073/pnas.83.1.105 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-15-06417.1999 10.1038/330254a0 10.1038/nn1934 10.1242/jcs.023143 10.1016/j.devcel.2007.04.002 10.1083/jcb.200604031 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.04.013 10.1038/nn1666 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0381-10.2010 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1998)41:1<18::AID-CM2>3.0.CO;2-B 10.1038/nrm2522 10.1038/nrn2056 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.02.005 10.1242/jcs.11.2.521 10.1101/cshperspect.a001925 10.1016/j.cell.2006.05.025 10.1038/nrn2631 10.1083/jcb.108.5.1737 |
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Keywords | cortex development neuronal polarity centrosome cytoskeleton Axon selection |
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Snippet | The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals, and several... The shape of a neuron supplies valuable clues as to its function. Neurons typically extend a single long, thin axon, which will transmit signals and several... |
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Subtitle | From a polarized cytoplasm to a migrating neuron |
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Title | Axon selection |
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