Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of new hybrids of millepachine and phenstatin as potent tubulin polymerization inhibitors
In this paper, a series of millepachine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. The optimal compound 5i, (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-8-yl) methanone, displayed the highest cytotoxicity toward a series of cancer cells (ranging...
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Published in | Organic & biomolecular chemistry Vol. 15; no. 4; pp. 852 - 862 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
CAMBRIDGE
Royal Soc Chemistry
25.01.2017
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | In this paper, a series of millepachine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as tubulin polymerization inhibitors. The optimal compound 5i, (3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)(5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-chromen-8-yl) methanone, displayed the highest cytotoxicity toward a series of cancer cells (ranging from 18 to 45 nM of IC50). Further investigation revealed that 5i significantly repressed the multidrug resistant cells (A549/CDDP, A2780/TAX) and had little cytotoxicity towards human normal cells (HLF, BJ). Cellular mechanism studies demonstrated that 5i induced G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis, which was associated with the collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Additionally, western blot analysis showed that 5i could change the levels of cell cycle-related proteins (e.g. Cyclin B1, Cdc25c, Cdc2) and some apoptosis-related proteins (e.g. Bax, Bad, Bcl-2, Bcl-xl). Finally, 5i effectively inhibited the growth of xenograft tumours of A549 cells in nude mice. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1477-0520 1477-0539 |
DOI: | 10.1039/c6ob02507b |