Cushing's Syndrome due to Small Cell Lung Cancer with Ectopic Production of Adrenocorticotropic and Parathyroid Hormone

• Published in: Nihon Rōnen Igakkai zasshi Vol. 34; no. 3; pp. 215 - 220
• Main Authors: Sato, Sumiko, Yokoyama, Akihito, Ohtsuka, Tomoaki, Nomoto, Takahito, Abe, Masahiro, Kohno, Nobuoki, Hiwada, Kunio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: Japanese
• Published: Japan The Japan Geriatrics Society 1997
• Subjects: Adrenal Cortex Hormones - biosynthesis; Aged; Carcinoma, Small Cell - complications; Carcinoma, Small Cell - metabolism; Cushing Syndrome - etiology; Cushing's syndrome; Ectopic ACTH syndrome; Elderly; Hormones, Ectopic - biosynthesis; Humans; Lung Neoplasms - complications; Lung Neoplasms - metabolism; Male; Parathyroid hormone; Parathyroid Hormone - biosynthesis; Small cell lung cancer
• ISSN: 0300-9173
• DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.34.215

A 72-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a tumor-like shadow on a chest X-ray film. At the initial examination, he had clinical signs of Cushing's syndrome: moon face, central obesity, and hypertension. A computed tomographic scan of chest showed an abnormal shadow in the lung (5×6cm) with involvement of the right paratracheal and anterior tracheal lymph nodes, and a right-sided pleural effusion. Small cell lung cancer (extended disease; T2N2M1; stage IV) was diagnosed after a transbronchial biopsy. The concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and parathyroid hormone in plasma were markedly elevated, and there was no circadian rhythm (336pg/ml, more than 60.1μg/ml, and 805pg/ml, respectively). Fluid obtained by thoracentasis had malignant cells, and the levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and parathyroid hormone in the effusion (1120pg/ml and 1810pg/ml, respectively) were higher than those in serum, which indicates that these hormones were produced by the tumor cells. The patient received chemotherapy and responded well, but he died of respiratory failure 26 months later. The response rate to chemotherapy in elderly patients with lung cancer is said to be comparable to that in younger patients, but treatment may be difficult because of poor performance status and diminished physical capacity. Although patients with lung cancer complicated by Cushing's syndrome have a poor prognosis, this patient survived for more than 2 years after the disease was diagnosed.