Composition of grape and wine from resistant vines varieties

• Published in: OENO one Vol. 52; no. 3; pp. 211 - 217
• Main Author: Teissedre, Pierre-Louis
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: International Viticulture and Enology Society (IVES) 01.01.2018; International Viticulture and Enology Society
• Subjects: acidity; astringency; Chemical and Process Engineering; chemical composition; cold tolerance; disease resistance; East Asia; Engineering Sciences; Food engineering; grapes; grapes, wine, composition, quality, resistant varieties; indigenous species; interspecific hybridization; Life Sciences; North America; pest resistance; pests; phenolic compounds; progeny; secondary metabolites; sensation; spoilage; winemaking; wines; East Asia; North America
• ISSN: 2494-1271; 2494-1271
• DOI: 10.20870/oeno-one.2018.52.3.2223

Obtaining resistant varieties to diseases without loss of organoleptic quality is a real challenge for oenology. Inter-specific hybridization of grapevines began in the 19th century and was initially aimed at introducing pest and disease resistance in offspring. Later, several breeding programmes implemented worldwide led to the development of varieties showing different characteristics such as cold-hardiness, short/long growing season, and pest resistance. Vitis vinifera grapes have preferred flavour characteristics for wine production, but they tend to be susceptible to pests, diseases, and extreme temperatures; species native to North America and East Asia are generally better adapted to these stressors. But these wild species tend to be low yielding and produce wines with undesirable sensory characteristics, including high acidity, low astringency, and excessive herbaceous or undesirable aromas. To be an innovative revolution during the 21st century, resistant varieties (actual and future) should be tested in different contexts for 3 major points: (i) vines can produce grapes without pesticides; (ii)