Stability and physical properties tuning via interstitials chemical engineering of Zr5Sn3: a first-principles study

• Published in: Journal of materials science Vol. 54; no. 14; pp. 10284 - 10296
• Main Authors: Chen, Hongmei, Cao, Yu, Liu, Ke, Tao, Xiaoma, Zhou, Yulu, Ouyang, Yifang, Gao, Fei, Du, Yong, Peng, Qing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.07.2019; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Alloying elements; Aluminum; Anisotropy; Bonding strength; Bulk modulus; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemical engineering; Chemical properties; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chromium; Classical Mechanics; Computation and Theory; Copper; Covalent bonds; Crystal structure; Crystallography and Scattering Methods; Elastic properties; Electronegativity; Enthalpy; First principles; Interstitials; Materials Science; Mathematical analysis; Mechanical properties; Modulus of elasticity; Nickel; Niobium; Physical properties; Polymer Sciences; Silicon; Solid Mechanics; Specific heat; Tin base alloys
• ISSN: 0022-2461; 1573-4803
• DOI: 10.1007/s10853-019-03622-5

Hexagonal binary intermetallics A 5 B 3 has a unique A 6 octahedra chain structure, providing space for interstitial chemical engineering the physical, mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties without change in the basic structure of crystal. Because of the engineering importance of Zr–Sn alloy, here, we investigate the influence of 24 interstitial alloying elements X (X = B, C, N, O, Al, Si, P, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Nb, and Sn) on stability and properties of hexagonal Zr 5 Sn 3 via first-principles calculations. A general trend is that the additional element with small atom size and high electronegativity is favorable as interstitials in Zr 5 Sn 3 . The calculated formation enthalpy and the elastic constants suggest that these Zr 5 Sn 3 X structures are thermodynamically and mechanically stable. The calculated phonon spectra indicate that Zr 5 Sn 3 X structures are dynamically stable except X = V, Cr, Mn, Zn, and Nb. We show that their electronic structures including bonding characters have strong correlation with the stability and mechanical properties. With strong covalent bonds, Zr 5 Sn 3 B has the highest Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus, Debye temperature, and microhardness. The addition of alloying elements decreases the anisotropy except X = O, Sc, Ti, V and Nb. All the additive elements increase the specific heat capacity of Zr 5 Sn 3 . Our results could be helpful in designing and improve the performance of Zr–Sn alloy on demand.