Diagnosis of Cutaneous Chromoblastomycosis and Its Response to Amphotericin B Therapy: A Case Report

Cutaneous chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous fungal disease of the skin caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, especially by Fonsecaea, Phialophora,and Cladophialophora species affecting the skin, lungs, intestines, stomach, and central nervous system. It is treated using itraconazole in mil...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 14; no. 8
Main Authors Ul Haq, Furqan, Yunus, Hamza, Mukhtiar, Rafia, Ahmad, Ammar, Akram, Romesa, Imran, Sumaira
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Palo Alto Cureus Inc 23.08.2022
Cureus
Subjects
Antifungal agents
Bacterial infections
Biopsy
Body temperature
Case reports
Creatinine
Cryotherapy
Dermatology
Electrolytes
Fungal infections
Fungi
Granulomas
Hepatitis C
Histopathology
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Infectious Disease
Internal Medicine
Medical diagnosis
Pediatrics
Potassium
Skin
Tropical diseases
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Summary:Cutaneous chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous fungal disease of the skin caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis, especially by Fonsecaea, Phialophora,and Cladophialophora species affecting the skin, lungs, intestines, stomach, and central nervous system. It is treated using itraconazole in mild cases and amphotericin B in severe cases. A six-year-old female child presented to the Dermatology Outpatient Department with pigmented brown to blackish tanned plaques and verrucous lesions on the face and extremities. These lesions were present for the past two and a half years and were slowly enlarging and involving other areas like the trunk. The lesions were proven on biopsy to be cutaneous blastomycosis. The patient was put on infusions of amphotericin B in a calculated pediatric dose. Her blood pressure and renal function tests were checked daily to avoid any electrolyte derangements, nephrotoxicity, and systemic infusion reactions caused by amphotericin B. Amphotericin B reduced the size of the cutaneous lesions, and treatment response was assessed on regular follow-ups. Chromoblastomycosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis to enable timely treatment and to prevent its lethal complications such as epidermoid carcinoma. Treatment should continue for two to three months until histopathology is negative to ensure complete eradication.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.28286