Osteosarcoma Genetics and Epigenetics: Emerging Biology and Candidate Therapies

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone, typically presenting in the first or second decade of life. Unfortunately, clinical outcomes for osteosarcoma patients have not substantially improved in over 30 years. This stagnation in therapeutic advances is perhaps explained by the gen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCritical reviews in oncogenesis Vol. 20; no. 3-4; p. 173
Main Authors Morrow, James J, Khanna, Chand
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.01.2015
Subjects
Animals
Bone Neoplasms - diagnosis
Bone Neoplasms - genetics
Bone Neoplasms - therapy
Epigenesis, Genetic - genetics
Genetic Association Studies - methods
Genetic Association Studies - trends
Humans
MicroRNAs - genetics
Osteosarcoma - diagnosis
Osteosarcoma - genetics
Osteosarcoma - therapy
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Summary:Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone, typically presenting in the first or second decade of life. Unfortunately, clinical outcomes for osteosarcoma patients have not substantially improved in over 30 years. This stagnation in therapeutic advances is perhaps explained by the genetic, epigenetic, and biological complexities of this rare tumor. In this review we provide a general background on the biology of osteosarcoma and the clinical status quo. We go on to enumerate the genetic and epigenetic defects identified in osteosarcoma. Finally, we discuss ongoing large-scale studies in the field and potential new therapies that are currently under investigation.
ISSN:0893-9675
DOI:10.1615/CritRevOncog.2015013713