Molecular characterization, immune expression, and functional delineation of peroxiredoxin 1 in Epinephelus akaara

• Published in: Fish & shellfish immunology Vol. 133; p. 108552
• Main Authors: Ganeshalingam, Subothini, Nadarajapillai, Kishanthini, Sellaththurai, Sarithaa, Kim, Gaeun, Kim, Jeongeun, Lee, Ji Hun, Jeong, Taehyug, Wan, Qiang, Lee, Jehee
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2023
• Subjects: Animals; Antioxidants - metabolism; Arsenic detoxification; Bass - genetics; Bass - metabolism; DNA protection; Epinephelus akaara; Fish Diseases; Fish Proteins - chemistry; Gene Expression Regulation; Immune expression; Immunity, Innate - genetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxiredoxin 1; Peroxiredoxins - chemistry; Peroxiredoxins - genetics; Phylogeny; Tissue repair; Arsenic detoxification; DNA protection; Tissue repair; Epinephelus akaara; Peroxiredoxin 1; Immune expression
• ISSN: 1050-4648; 1095-9947
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108552

Peroxiredoxin 1 is a member of the typical 2-Cys peroxiredoxin family, which serves diverse functions in gene expression, immune and inflammatory responses, and tumor progression. In this study, we aimed to analyze the structural, functional, and immunomodulatory properties of peroxiredoxin 1 from Epinephelus akaara (EaPrx1). The open reading frame of EaPrx1 is 597 base pairs in length, encoding 198 amino acids, with a molecular weight of approximately 22 kDa. The in silico analysis revealed that EaPrx1 shares a conserved thioredoxin fold and signature motifs that are critical for its catalytic activity and oligomerization. Further, EaPrx1 is closely related to Epinephelus lanceolatus Prx1 and clustered in the Fishes group of the vertebrate clade, revealing that EaPrx1 was conserved throughout evolution. In terms of tissue distribution, a high level of EaPrx1 expression was observed in the spleen, brain, and blood tissues. Likewise, in immune challenge experiments, significant transcriptional modulations of EaPrx1 upon lipopolysaccharide, polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid, and nervous necrosis virus injections were noted at different time points, indicating the immunological role of EaPrx1 against pathogenic infections. In the functional analysis, rEaPrx1 exhibited substantial DNA protection, insulin disulfide reduction, and tissue repair activities, which were concentration-dependent. EaPrx1/pcDNA™ 3.1 (+)-transfected fathead minnow cells revealed high cell viability upon arsenic toxicity, indicating the heavy metal detoxification activity of EaPrx1. Taken together, the transcriptional and functional studies imply critical roles of EaPrx1 in innate immunity, redox regulation, apoptosis, and tissue-repair processes in E. akaara. •Peroxiredoxin 1 from Epinephelus akaara (EaPrx1) exhibited a close relatedness with Epinephelus lanceolatus ortholog.•High levels of tissue specific EaPrx1 expression were noticed in the naïve spleen, brain, and blood tissues.•Significant transcriptional modulations of EaPrx1 were recorded upon immune stimuli, LPS, poly(I:C) and NNV.•Recombinant EaPrx1 (rEaPrx1) revealed strong DNA protection, disulphide reduction, and tissue repair activities.•EaPrx1/pcDNA™ 3.1 (+)-transfected FHM cells revealed high cell viability upon arsenic toxicity.