Tissue factor: mechanisms of decryption

It is generally believed that only a small fraction of the tissue factor (TF) found on cell surfaces is active whereas the vast majority is cryptic in coagulation. It is unclear how cryptic TF differs from the coagulant active TF or potential mechanisms involved in transformation of cryptic TF to th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inFrontiers in bioscience (Elite edition) Vol. 4; no. 4; p. 1513
Main Authors Rao, L Vijaya Mohan, Kothari, Hema, Pendurthi, Usha R
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Singapore 01.01.2012
Subjects
Factor VIIa - metabolism
Humans
Membrane Proteins - physiology
Signal Transduction
Thromboplastin - physiology
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Summary:It is generally believed that only a small fraction of the tissue factor (TF) found on cell surfaces is active whereas the vast majority is cryptic in coagulation. It is unclear how cryptic TF differs from the coagulant active TF or potential mechanisms involved in transformation of cryptic TF to the coagulant active form. Exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) in response to various chemical or pathophysiological stimuli has been considered as the most potent inducer of TF decryption. In addition to PS, TF self-association and association with specialized membrane domains may also play a role in TF decryption. It has been suggested recently that protein disulfide isomerase regulates TF decryption through its oxidoreductase activity by targeting Cys186-Cys209 disulfide bond in TF extracellular domain or regulating the PS equilibrium at the plasma membrane. However, this hypothesis requires further validation to become an accepted mechanism. In this article, we critically review literature on TF encryption/decryption with specific emphasis on recently published data and provide our perspective on this subject.
ISSN:1945-0508
DOI:10.2741/e477