Natural tourmaline activated peracetic acid for efficient degradation of sulfadiazine: Reaction mechanisms and catalyst reusability

• Published in: Progress in natural science Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 458 - 466
• Main Authors: Chen, Zhendong, He, Liuyang, Shen, Shitai, Zhang, Desong, Chen, Zhuqi, Wu, Li, Yang, Lie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan,430070,PR China%School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430074,PR China%Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education,School of Environment,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,130024,PR China 01.08.2023
• Subjects: Organic radicals; Singlet oxygen; Peracetic acid; Tourmaline
• ISSN: 1002-0071
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pnsc.2023.10.005

Peracetic acid(PAA)has received extensive attention in the water treatment due to its high oxidation potential and low toxicity of by-products.In this study,natural non-toxic mineral tourmaline(TM)was used to activate PAA to remove sulfadiazine(SDZ).The TM/PAA system could remove 92％SDZ in 120 min.The radical analysis confirmed the co-existence of both free radical and non-free radical degradation pathways in the TM/PAA system,indicating that singlet oxygen(1O2)and acetyl(per)oxy radicals(CH3C(O)O·and CH3C(O)OO·)were the main reactive oxygen species.The Fe2+/Fe3+ratio on the TM surface decreased during the degradation of SDZ due to Fe2+consumption.The effect of water matrix on SDZ removal indicated that Cl-,SO2-and NO3 posed little effect on SDZ removal,while CO2-inhibited SDZ removal by affecting pH.Particularly,humic acid(HA)slightly promoted SDZ removal.Ten by-products of SDZ were identified by HPLC-MS/MS,and four possible trans-formation pathways(SO2 detachment,S-N breakage,amino acid oxidation,and hydroxylation)were proposed.TM was recycled five times and the removal of SDZ remained above 85％,confirming its excellent reusability.This work indicates the TM/PAA system is of great potential for the application on the organic contaminant removal.