Relationship between dry eye disease and myopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

• Published in: Heliyon Vol. 10; no. 19; p. e38674
• Main Authors: Zou, Xinrong, Nagino, Ken, Yee, Alan, Midorikawa-Inomata, Akie, Eguchi, Atsuko, Nakao, Shintaro, Kobayashi, Hiroyuki, Inomata, Takenori
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier Ltd 15.10.2024; Elsevier
• Subjects: Dry eye disease; Meta-analysis; Myopia; On-screen time; Systemaric review; Younger population; Younger population; Systemaric review; Dry eye disease; On-screen time; Myopia; Meta-analysis
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38674

Dry eye disease (DED) and myopia are common ocular disorders. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the association between DED and myopia. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for articles published between 1984 and 2022. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist, and analysis was conducted using the DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model. Of the 1,313 studies identified, 15 studies on DED and myopia were included. The meta-analysis revealed that the overall prevalence of subjective DED symptoms in the myopia population was 45.1 % (95 % confidence interval: 0.287–0.616). There was a significant association between DED and myopia. The myopia population had higher Ocular Surface Disease Index scores and shorter tear film breakup times than the non-myopia population. Additionally, the meta-regression analysis showed that spherical equivalent was significantly associated with the prevalence of DED symptoms in adults with myopia. Interventions to prevent DED are required in the myopia population. Enhancing patient awareness and self-management for DED, in addition to early screening and detection, is especially critical for younger populations who are at a higher risk of developing myopia. •Dry eye disease is significantly associated with myopia.•Patients with myopia showed a 45.1 % prevalence of dry eye disease symptoms.•Preventive interventions are important for dry eye disease in myopia population.•Early screening and detection of dry eye disease are crucial for younger individuals at a higher risk of developing myopia.