Nutrition and Periodontal Health in the Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: a Review from the Viewpoint of Endothelial Function

• Published in: Current oral health reports Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 67 - 74
• Main Authors: Ishikado, Atsushi, Kondo, Keiko, Maegawa, Hiroshi, Morino, Katsutaro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Carbohydrates; Cytokines; Diabetes; DNA damage; Endothelium; Glucose; Gum disease; Hyperglycemia; Infections; Insulin resistance; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Metabolism; Nutrition; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Oral Disease and Nutrition (F Nishimura; Oxidative stress; Phosphorylation; Section Editor; Smooth muscle; Topical Collection on Oral Disease and Nutrition; Oxidative stress; Insulin resistance; Periodontal disease; Diabetes; Endothelial function; Nutrition
• ISSN: 2196-3002; 2196-3002
• DOI: 10.1007/s40496-021-00297-3

Purpose of Review This review aims to summarize the literature on periodontal disease and nutrition, focusing on endothelial dysfunction in diabetic patients, and their impact on oral health. Recent Findings Environmental factors, including smoking, obesity, and diabetes are well-known risk factors for the onset and progression of the periodontal disease. Indeed, dietary factors show an association with periodontal health through local and systemic environments. In addition, systemic factors, such as insulin resistance and diabetes, may have an important role in the periodontal health. Although molecular mechanisms underlying this are not fully understood, endothelial dysfunction mainly by hyperglycemia and/or chronic inflammation may explain the association between periodontal status and nutrition. In this paper, we reviewed recent progress in this field and propose the potential impact of nutritional intervention in the oral health from the viewpoint of endothelial function. Summary It is expected to become increasingly important to understand the pathology of diabetes-related periodontal disease and consider nutritional approaches with vascular dysfunction in mind for its prevention and treatment. Further accumulation of evidence is anticipated for the future.