Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide from sweet corncob that inhibits glycosylase in STZ-induced diabetic rats Structural characterization of a novel polysaccharide

• Published in: Glycoconjugate journal Vol. 39; no. 3; pp. 413 - 427
• Main Authors: Wang, Xin, Xiu, Weiye, Han, Ye, Xie, Jingnan, Zhang, Kai, Zhou, Kechi, Ma, Yongqiang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.06.2022
• Subjects: alpha-Glucosidases - chemistry; Animals; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - chemically induced; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Life Sciences; Original Article; Pathology; Polysaccharides - chemistry; Rats; Zea mays; Inhibition of glycosylase; Hypoglycemic effect; Sweet corncob polysaccharides; Structural characterization
• ISSN: 0282-0080; 1573-4986; 1573-4986
• DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10059-7

In the current study, we extracted a polysaccharide from sweet corncob and evaluated its hypoglycemic function. After collection in water, alcohol precipitation, and purification by DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 columns, we obtained a polysaccharide (SCP50) that was composed primarily of mannose and glucose (9.73:190.27), with a molecular weight of 9280.33 Da. We demonstrated that SCP50 exhibited significant inhibition of α-glucosidase activity, with an IC50 of 4.866 mg/mL, K m of 1.297 × 10 −3 , and V max of 0.076 mol/L·min −1 in vitro . We also observed that SCP50 markedly attenuated disaccharidase (maltase, sucrase, and lactase) activity in a rat model of T2DM. We conclude that SCP50 exerts a hypoglycemic effect via inhibition of intestinal glycosylase. These results thus provide new insight into the hypoglycemic action underlying sweet corncob polysaccharide’s effects.