A comprehensive study of the estuary sea environment in the Bay of Bengal, near the Mahanadi River confluence

This study focuses on the environmental conditions of the Mahanadi Estuary near Paradeep Harbor and the adjacent sea. Data collected from May 2013 to April 2020 from 32 GPS fixed stations was analyzed to assess the water quality in different zones (estuarine, mixed zone, mixed zone south, and mixed...

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Published inDiscover water Vol. 3; no. 1; pp. 20 - 25
Main Authors Pati, Sharada Shrinivas, Nayak, Sumitra, Mishra, Sangeeta, Panda, Bhabani Shankar, Mahala, Suravi Susmita, Mohanty, Sarat Kumar, Behera, Rajaram, Mallick, Niranjan, Murugesan, Kailasam
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 31.10.2023
Springer Nature B.V
Springer
Subjects
Anthropogenic Pollutant
Aquatic Pollution
Bay of Bengal
Biodiversity
Chlorophyll
Climate change
Coastal Sciences
Coasts
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Ecological Indicator
Ecosystems
Estuaries
Fertilizers
Hydrogeology
Mahanadi River
Marine & Freshwater Sciences
Marine pollution
Nitrates
Oceanography
Physicochemical factors
Ports
Power plants
River ecology
Runoff
Salinity
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Water Quality Index
Wind
Odisha India
Bay of Bengal
India
Water Quality Index
Anthropogenic Pollutant
Ecological Indicator
Bay of Bengal
Physicochemical factors
Mahanadi River
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Summary:This study focuses on the environmental conditions of the Mahanadi Estuary near Paradeep Harbor and the adjacent sea. Data collected from May 2013 to April 2020 from 32 GPS fixed stations was analyzed to assess the water quality in different zones (estuarine, mixed zone, mixed zone south, and mixed zone north) of study area. Parameters such as pH, SST, TSS, nitrite, phosphate, silicate, TOC, chlorophyll, fecal coliform, and heavy metals were used to estimate the Water Quality Index (WQI) for each zone. The study found a deterioration (> 30%) in the overall water quality of the Mahanadi Estuary from 2013 to 2020, potentially attributed to river inflows, port activities, and industrial outflows in to the coastal ecosystem. Seasonal variations in temperature, salinity, turbidity, nitrite, nitrate, and ammonia were observed. The water quality showed a deteriorating trend in estuarine, mixed zone, mixed zone south, and mixed zone north. Based on the water quality indices, the ecosystem shows moderate levels of stress. The degraded water quality highlights the need for a targeted mitigation plan to reduce external pressures and enhance the overall ecosystem quality. Graphical Abstract
ISSN:2730-647X
2730-647X
DOI:10.1007/s43832-023-00044-y