Antibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery-induced osteoimmune wound healing and attenuates the alveolar bone-implant interface in mice

• Published in: Journal of clinical periodontology Vol. 50; no. 12; pp. 1670 - 1684
• Main Authors: Ahmad, Waqar, Pishevar, Novin, Cochrane, Leonard J, Reynolds, Andrew, Kim, Joseph, Korostenskij, Ivan, Geiser, Vincenza L, Carson, Matthew D, Warner, Amy J, Chen, Peng, Yao, Hai, Alekseyenko, Alexander, Hathaway-Schrader, Jessica D, Novince, Chad M
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.12.2023
• Subjects: Alveolar bone; Amoxicillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Bacterial Agents - therapeutic use; Antibiotic Prophylaxis; Antibiotics; Bone healing; Bone implants; Bone surgery; Bone-Implant Interface; Clindamycin; Computed tomography; Dental Implantation, Endosseous - methods; Dental Implants; Disease prevention; Dysbacteriosis; Flow cytometry; Immunity; Lymph nodes; Lymphocytes T; Mice; Microorganisms; Osseointegration; Osseointegration - physiology; Osteoblasts; Osteoclasts; Prophylaxis; Surgery; Surgical outcomes; Wound healing; Wound Healing - physiology; X-Ray Microtomography; antibiotic prophylaxis; wound healing; endosseous dental implantation; osseointegration; bone-implant interface
• ISSN: 0303-6979; 1600-051X
• DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13875

Antimicrobial-induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T-cell oral immunity to affect osteoclast-osteoblast actions in alveolar bone. Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly performed with dental implant placement surgery to prevent post-surgical complications. However, antibiotic prophylaxis effects on osteoimmune processes supporting dental implant osseointegration are unknown. The aim of the study was to discern the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on dental implant placement surgery-induced osteoimmune wound healing and osseointegration. We performed SHAM or dental implant placement surgery in mice. Groups were administered prophylactic antibiotics (amoxicillin or clindamycin) or vehicle. Gingival bacteriome was assessed via 16S sequencing. Helper T-cell oral immunity was evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts were assessed via histomorphometry. Implant osseointegration was evaluated by micro-computed tomography. Dental implant placement surgery up-regulated T 1, T 2 and T cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs), which infers helper T-cell oral immunity contributes to dental implant placement osseous wound healing. Prophylactic antibiotics with dental implant placement surgery caused a bacterial dysbiosis, suppressed T 1, T 2 and T cells in CLNs, reduced osteoclasts and osteoblasts lining peri-implant alveolar bone, and attenuated the alveolar bone-implant interface. Antibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery-induced osteoimmune wound healing and attenuates the alveolar bone-implant interface in mice.