Characteristics of Lung Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 Pneumonia in the Intensive Care Unit and Their Effects on Prognosis

• Published in: Istanbul medical journal Vol. 24; no. 3; pp. 231 - 235
• Main Authors: Emgin, Ömer, Çayır, Ali, Rollas, Kazım
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Galenos Yayinevi Tic. Ltd 01.08.2023; Galenos Yayinevi
• Subjects: Analysis; asthma; Bacterial pneumonia; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Coronaviruses; covid-19; Health aspects; Lung diseases, Obstructive; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Mortality; mortality rate; Pneumonia; Prognosis
• ISSN: 2619-9793; 1304-8503; 2148-094X
• DOI: 10.4274/imj.galenos.2023.86393

Introduction:There is no clear evidence of an increased risk of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. However, COPD patients diagnosed with COVID-19 have a high risk of mortality. No significant effects of COVID-19 have been demonstrated on mortality in asthma patients. In the present study, the purpose was to retrospectively examine the effects of the asthma and COPD diagnosis of patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) with the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia on prognosis.Methods:The study was designed in a retrospective and descriptive design. Among the patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia and hospitalized in our ICU between March 11, 2020-January 31, 2021, all patients who had a history of COPD and/or asthma were included in the study. Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) durations, ICU stays, and 28-day mortality rates of the patients were recorded from the hospital information system.Results:A total of 276 intensive care patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were examined. The frequency of the presence of COPD or asthma was determined as 8.69% (n=24) and 4.35% (n=12), respectively. Although IMV was applied to 25% (n=6) of COPD patients at the time of admission to the ICU, IMV was not applied to any of the asthmatic patients. The duration of hospitalization was 15 (9-30) days in COPD patients and 15 (13-24) days in asthma patients. Mortality was 75% (n=18) in patients with COPD and 25% (n=3) in patients with asthma.Conclusion:In this retrospective analysis, the incidence of asthma and COPD in patients with COVID-19 was found to be similar to the literature data. The length of stay in the ICU was similar in asthma and COPD patients and was longer compared to other studies. COPD patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had higher IMV and mortality rates than asthma patients.