Anatomy of the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands

Abstract A detailed understanding of anatomy is essential for several reasons: to enable accurate diagnosis and plan appropriate management; to perform surgery in a safe and effective manner avoiding damage to adjacent structures and; to anticipate and recognize variations in normal anatomy. This ch...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inSurgery (Oxford) Vol. 32; no. 10; pp. 499 - 503
Main Authors Ritchie, Judith E, Balasubramanian, Saba P
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2014
Subjects
Adrenal
anatomy
endocrine
parathyroid
pituitary
Surgery
thyroid
pituitary
parathyroid
thyroid
Adrenal
anatomy
endocrine
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Summary:Abstract A detailed understanding of anatomy is essential for several reasons: to enable accurate diagnosis and plan appropriate management; to perform surgery in a safe and effective manner avoiding damage to adjacent structures and; to anticipate and recognize variations in normal anatomy. This chapter will cover the anatomy of four major endocrine glands (thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary and adrenal). Other endocrine glands (such as the hypothalamus, pineal gland, thymus, endocrine pancreas and the gonads) are beyond the scope of this chapter. In addition to gross anatomy, clinically relevant embryological and histological details of these four glands are also discussed.
ISSN:0263-9319
1878-1764
DOI:10.1016/j.mpsur.2014.07.005