The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four types of honey against several bacteria
Abstract Honey is a natural animal-derived product from flower nectar. Honey’s flavonoid, organic acid, and phenolic contents may function as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials. Previous findings showed that adding honey into avocado juice still leaves total contamination in a relatively high a...
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Published in | IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science Vol. 1177; no. 1; pp. 12031 - 12037 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Bristol
IOP Publishing
01.05.2023
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract
Honey is a natural animal-derived product from flower nectar. Honey’s flavonoid, organic acid, and phenolic contents may function as natural antioxidants and antimicrobials. Previous findings showed that adding honey into avocado juice still leaves total contamination in a relatively high amount. This research aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of four types of honey against several test bacteria. The research employed the completely randomized design (CRD), with the first factor being the types of honey, including the honey produced by
Apis mellifera
from the nectar of wildflowers (AMBL), the honey produced by
Apis dorsata
(AD), the honey produced by
Apis mellifera
from the nectar of kapok flowers (
Ceiba pentandra
) (AMBR), and the honey produced by
Trigona
sp. (TG). The second factor was the types of test bacteria, including
Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi
, and
Staphylococcus aureus
. The MICs were determined using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The honey was also tested for its antioxidant ability, total titratable acidity, pH, and sugar. The MICs of the AMBL and AMBR honey against
E. coli, S. Typhi
, and
S. aureus
was 50% (v/v), the MIC of the AD honey against
E. coli
and
S. typhi
was 6.25% (v/v), the MIC of the AD honey against
S. aureus
was 12.5% (v/v), the MIC of the TG honey against
E. coli
and
S. aureus
was 12.5% (v/v). The MIC of the TG honey against
S. typhi
was 6.25% (v/v). The highest antioxidant activity was obtained from the TG honey (49% RSA DPPH). |
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ISSN: | 1755-1307 1755-1315 |
DOI: | 10.1088/1755-1315/1177/1/012031 |