A Chronic High-Intensity Interval Training and Diet-Induced Obesity Model to Maximize Exercise Effort and Induce Physiologic Changes in Rats

• Published in: Journal of visualized experiments no. 194
• Main Authors: Arbus, Sarai B, Pirtle, John M, Pankey, Christopher L
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 28.04.2023
• Subjects: Animals; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Female; High-Intensity Interval Training - methods; Obesity - etiology; Physical Conditioning, Animal - methods; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• ISSN: 1940-087X
• DOI: 10.3791/64447

Compared to continuous-moderate or low-intensity training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a more time-efficient alternative method that results in similar physiologic benefits. This paper presents a HIIT protocol that can be used to assess various health markers in a Sprague-Dawley rat model of diet-induced obesity. Female Sprague Dawley rats aged 21 days old were randomly assigned to the following groups: control (CON, n = 10), exercise-trained (TRN, n = 10), high-fat diet (HFD, n = 10), and high-fat diet/exercise training (HFD/TRN, n = 10). The control diets consisted of commercial laboratory chow with 10% kilocalories (kcal) from fat (3.82 kcal/g), and the high-fat diets (HFD) consisted of 45% kcal from fat (4.7 kcal/g). The animals had ad libitum access to their assigned diet throughout the study. After an 8 week diet induction period, the exercise cohorts completed four HIIT sessions per week for 8 weeks. Each HIIT session consisted of 10 intervals of 1 min sprints/2 min rest using a rodent treadmill with a motor-driven belt. After the 8 weeks of training, the animals were sacrificed for tissue collection. The results revealed no differences in the distance run between the TRN and HFD/TRN groups, and the training speed steadily increased over the duration of the study, with a final running speed of 115 cm/s and 111 cm/s for the TRN and HFD/TRN groups, respectively. The weekly caloric intake was decreased (p < 0.05) in the TRN group relative to the CON group but increased (p < 0.05) in the HFD/TRN group relative to the HFD group. Lastly, the animals on the HFD had greater (p < 0.05) adiposity, and the trained animals had reduced (p < 0.05) adiposity relative to controls. This protocol demonstrates an efficient method to evaluate the effects of HIIT on various physiologic outcomes in a diet-induced obesity model.