The Influence of Chitosan on the Ability of LPS to Interact with Cells of the Immune System

• Published in: Applied biochemistry and microbiology Vol. 60; no. 2; pp. 207 - 215
• Main Authors: Davydova, V. N., Volod’ko, A. V., Gorbach, V. I., Chusovitina, S. V., Solov’eva, T. F., Yermak, I. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.04.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Atomic force microscopy; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Chitosan; Coliforms; E coli; Immune system; Inflammation; Leukocytes (neutrophilic); Life Sciences; Lipopolysaccharides; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Molecular weight; Neutrophils; Polyelectrolytes; Proteins; Serum proteins; Stoichiometry; Surface charge; Surface stability; Tumor necrosis factor-α; chitosan; supramolecular organization; lipopolysaccharide; cytokine-inducing activity; endotoxin
• ISSN: 0003-6838; 1608-3024
• DOI: 10.1134/S0003683824020029

Complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the bacterium Escherichia coli and chitosan (CN) with a molecular weight of 5 kDa were obtained and their supramolecular organization was studied. Using atomic force microscopy, it was shown that during the formation of complexes there is a transition from the micellar structure of the original LPS to linear network structures uniformly distributed over the surface of mica. The stability of LPS-CN complexes of various stoichiometries in biological media in the presence of serum proteins was investigated. It was shown that complexes with an LPS–CN ratio of 1 : 1 in the presence of serum proteins lost their surface charge and tended to aggregate while complexes with the maximum saturation of CN (1 : 5) did not aggregate under these conditions and maintained their surface charge. The effect of CNs of different molecular weights on the ability of LPS to interact with neutrophils of human whole blood was studied. It was observed that LPS-CN complexes were capable of binding to neutrophils and internalazing the cell, and this ability was enhanced in the presence of serum proteins. Chitosan exhibited the ability to suppress the synthesis of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α induced by LPS, not only as part of the complex but also when cells were pretreated with a polycation.