Biochemical and molecular study on interleukin‐1β gene expression and relation of single nucleotide polymorphism in promoter region with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Journal of cellular biochemistry Vol. 119; no. 7; pp. 5343 - 5349
• Main Authors: Tayel, Safaa I., Fouda, Eman A. M., Elshayeb, Elsayed I., Eldakamawy, Asmaa R. A., El‐kousy, Salah M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.07.2018
• Subjects: Alleles; Cytokines; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Gene expression; Gene polymorphism; gene transcript; Genotypes; Genotyping; IL-1β; Inflammation; Interleukins; interleukin‐1β; Molecular chains; Patients; Polymorphism; Quantitation; real time PCR; Renal function; Risk factors; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Sugar; Transcription; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; real time PCR; polymorphism; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; gene transcript; interleukin-1β
• ISSN: 0730-2312; 1097-4644
• DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26667

Interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) assumes a centric role in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses and thus has been recognized in immune mediated diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate expressed level of IL‐1β and its relation with IL‐1β −511T>C polymorphism in T2DM patients. This study enrolled 80 subjects (50 patients with T2DM and 30 healthy control subjects). Laboratory investigations included fasting (FBG) and 2 h postprandial blood sugar (2 h PBG), HBA1c, lipid profile, and renal function tests. Genotyping of IL‐1β −511T>C (rs16944) SNP assay by real‐time PCR and relative quantitation of IL‐1β gene expression transcript by real‐time PCR. Results: T2DM patients had significantly higher FBG and 2 h PBG, HBA1c, LDLc, TC, TG, systolic, and diastolic BP while lower HDLc compared with control group. IL 1‐ β −511 T>C, CC genotype and C allele were significantly associated with risk of T2DM with odds ratio (OR) 4.73, 95%CI (1.21‐18.39) and OR 2.27, 95%CI (1.72‐4.40), respectively. Moreover, diabetic patients had significantly higher IL 1‐ β gene transcript compared with control group (P < 0.001). CC genotype of IL 1‐ β −511 T > C had the highest significant level of IL 1‐ β gene transcript demonstrated compared with C/T and T/T genotypes (P < 0.001) in patients. Conclusion: C allele of IL‐1 β −511 T >C could be considered risk factor contributor to T2DM and excess level of IL‐1 β transcript may disclose to some degree the inflammatory role of cytokines in T2DM. Significant association of C allele of IL‐1 β ‐511 T >C with risk of T2DM and with excess level of IL‐1 β gene transcript (the proinflammatory cytokine) may explain to some extent the immune modulating role that IL‐1 β may have in T2DM.