Optimizing Bowling Performance

The present study examined the influence on motor performance of key variables described in the OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning) theory of motor learning: enhanced expectancies for future performance, autonomy support, and an external focus. Pa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inJournal of motor learning and development Vol. 8; no. 2; pp. 233 - 244
Main Authors Abdollahipour, Reza, Valtr, Ludvík, Wulf, Gabriele
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Champaign Human Kinetics 01.08.2020
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Summary:The present study examined the influence on motor performance of key variables described in the OPTIMAL (Optimizing Performance Through Intrinsic Motivation and Attention for Learning) theory of motor learning: enhanced expectancies for future performance, autonomy support, and an external focus. Participants performed a nine-pin bowling task. In the optimized group, enhanced expectancies, autonomy support, and an external focus were implemented on three successive blocks of 12 trials. In the control group, participants performed all trials under “neutral” conditions. The optimized group outperformed the control group on all blocks. The findings corroborate the importance of key variables in the OPTIMAL theory by demonstrating immediate benefits of their implementation for motor performance.
ISSN:2325-3193
2325-3215
DOI:10.1123/jmld.2019-0017