Pediatric Challenges With Cowden Syndrome and Graves' Disease: A Case Report

Cowden syndrome is a rare genetic anomaly mostly attributed to mutations in the Phosphatase and Tensin (PTEN) Homolog gene. This illness manifests with a diverse array of symptoms that impact several physiological systems and an increased susceptibility to various forms of malignancy. The patient ty...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 16; no. 4; p. e58090
Main Authors Manimaran, Saraladevi, Ramanathan, Ramya, Subramanian, Sundari
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cureus Inc 11.04.2024
Cureus
Subjects
Ablation
Antibodies
Cancer therapies
Case reports
Genes
Goiter
Graves disease
Intervention
Iodine
Kinases
Medical screening
Mutation
Oncology
Patients
Pediatric Surgery
Pediatrics
Surgeons
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid diseases
Thyroidectomy
Ultrasonic imaging
cowden syndrome
graves' disease
pten gene mutations
thyroid disorders
pediatric patients
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Summary:Cowden syndrome is a rare genetic anomaly mostly attributed to mutations in the Phosphatase and Tensin (PTEN) Homolog gene. This illness manifests with a diverse array of symptoms that impact several physiological systems and an increased susceptibility to various forms of malignancy. The patient typically exhibits mucocutaneous lesions and a heightened vulnerability to the formation of neoplasms, specifically thyroid carcinomas. The inclusion of thyroid disorders, such as Graves' disease, introduces complications to the management procedure, necessitating a complete approach that includes many healthcare practitioners to guarantee optimal care. Despite some advancements in the field, there remains a dearth of evidence-based recommendations for pediatric patients, encompassing individuals with Cowden syndrome and other thyroid disorders. The current investigation focuses on a 13-year-old female patient who presents with comorbid Cowden syndrome and Graves' disease. We emphasize the challenges associated with the diagnosis and treatment of these illnesses. A collaborative and multidisciplinary team approach was used to administer therapeutic approaches, such as total thyroidectomy, emphasizing the essential requirement for interdisciplinary cooperation among healthcare providers. Continual research endeavors play a pivotal role in elucidating the optimal management protocols and augmenting outcomes for this particular cohort of individuals.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.58090