LOX-1 in Atherosclerosis and Myocardial Ischemia

• Published in: Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 69; no. 22; pp. 2759 - 2768
• Main Authors: Pothineni, Naga Venkata K., MD, Karathanasis, Sotirios K., PhD, Ding, Zufeng, PhD, Arulandu, Arockiasamy, PhD, Varughese, Kottayil I., PhD, Mehta, Jawahar L., MD, PhD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.06.2017
• Subjects: Cardiovascular; coronary artery disease; endothelial cells; Internal Medicine; low-density lipoprotein; LOX-1 blockers; myocardial infarction; reactive oxygen species; coronary artery disease; lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor; endothelial cells; high-density lipoprotein; myocardial infarction; HDL; UTR; SNP; LDL; reactive oxygen species; single-nucleotide polymorphism; linkage disequilibrium; smooth muscle cell; CAD; SMC; untranslated region; ox-LDL; LOX-1 blockers; low-density lipoprotein; LOX; oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ROS; angiotensin; LD; Ang
• ISSN: 0735-1097; 1558-3597
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.04.010

Abstract Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1), one of the scavenger receptors for oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ox-LDL), plays a crucial role in the uptake of ox-LDL by cells in the arterial wall. Mounting evidence suggests a role for LOX-1 in various steps of the atherosclerotic process, from initiation to plaque destabilization. Studies of the genetic structure of LOX-1 have also uncovered various genetic polymorphisms that could modulate the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. As evidence supporting the vital role of LOX-1 in atherogenesis keeps accumulating, there is growing interest in LOX-1 as a potential therapeutic target. This review discusses the discovery and genetics of LOX-1; describes existing evidence supporting the role of LOX-1 in atherogenesis and its major complication, myocardial ischemia; and summarizes LOX-1 modulation by some naturally occurring compounds and efforts toward development of small molecules and biologics that could be of therapeutic use.