The role of thyroid transcription factor-1 in differentiating lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma effusions

• Published in: Journal of medicine and life Vol. 16; no. 6; pp. 932 - 936
• Main Authors: khidir, Leena Sabir, Abdelwadoud, Mohamed Elfatih, Abdelmola, Ammar, Babiker, Nihad Elsadig, Elemam, Ibrahim Bakhit, Elmahi, Osman Mohamed, Alharthi, Nahed Sail, Waggiallah, Hisham Ali
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bucharest Carol Daila University Foundation 01.06.2023; Carol Davila University Press
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma; Cancer; Cellular biology; Fluids; Investigations; Laboratories; Lung cancer; Metastasis; Original; Statistical analysis; Thyroid gland; Transcription factors; Tumors; United Kingdom > UK
• ISSN: 1844-3117; 1844-122X; 1844-3117
• DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0143

Effusions, characterized by abnormal fluid accumulations in body cavities, present difficulties in identifying the primary organs of metastatic tumors through cytopathologic investigation, particularly in cancer-related complications. This retrospective cross-sectional laboratory study aimed to investigate the role of thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) in distinguishing lung adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinomas in effusions. The study was conducted at Almobarak Cytopathology Laboratory, a private cytopathology laboratory. H&E was used to confirm the histological diagnosis of 58 archived cell blocks. TTF-1 immunostaining patterns were then correlated with the histological diagnosis. Statistical analysis, including numerical and graphical data summaries, was conducted using the Chi-square test in SPSS 23. TTF-1 expression was observed in 20 (34.4%) cases, while 38 (65.5%) cases showed no TTF-1 reaction. Positive TTF-1 was found in pleural fluid in 61.1 % of lung adenocarcinomas, while negative TTF-1 was found in only 3.4%. TTF-1 was not detected in the majority of peritoneal fluid samples. There was a highly significant relationship between pleural fluid, TTF-1, and lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.000). The data provided further evidence that TTF-1 is a useful marker for distinguishing pulmonary adenocarcinomas from non-pulmonary adenocarcinoma tumors.