Mechanobiology of mesenchymal stem cells: Which interest for cell-based treatment?

• Published in: Bio-medical materials and engineering Vol. 28; no. s1; pp. S47 - S56
• Main Authors: Huselstein, Céline, Rahouadj, R, de Isla, N, Bensoussan, D, Stoltz, J F, Li, Y P
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands IOS Press BV 2017
• Subjects: Animals; Arthritis; Autoimmune diseases; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biophysics; Blood circulation; Cell Movement; Chemotaxis; Cirrhosis; Clinical trials; Diabetes mellitus; Graft-versus-host reaction; Hemodynamics; Homing; Homing behavior; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Intravenous administration; Liver; Liver cirrhosis; Liver diseases; Medical research; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - methods; Mesenchymal stem cells; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology; Mesenchyme; Rheumatoid arthritis; Skin & tissue grafts; Stem cell transplantation; Stem cells; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Transendothelial and Transepithelial Migration; mechanobiology; migration; homing; Mesenchymal stem cells; cell-based treatment
• ISSN: 0959-2989; 1878-3619
• DOI: 10.3233/BME-171623

Thanks to their immune properties, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a promising source for cell therapy. Current clinical trials show that MSC administrated to patients can treat different diseases (graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), liver cirrhosis, systemic lupus, erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, type I diabetes…). In this case, the most common mode of cell administration is the intravenous injection, and the hemodynamic environment of cells induced by blood circulation could interfere on their behavior during the migration and homing towards the injured site. After a brief review of the mechanobiology concept, this paper will help in understanding how the mechanical environment could interact with MSC behavior once they are injected to patient in cell-based treatment.