Pd(ii) nanoparticles in porous polystyrene: factors influencing the nanoparticle size and catalytic properties

• Published in: Journal of materials chemistry Vol. 22; no. 13; pp. 6441 - 6448
• Main Authors: Tsvetkova, Irina B., Matveeva, Valentina G., Doluda, Valentin Y., Bykov, Alexei V., Sidorov, Alexander I., Schennikov, Sergey V., Sulman, Michael G., Valetsky, Pyotr M., Stein, Barry D., Chen, Chun-Hsing, Sulman, Esther M., Bronstein, Lyudmila M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.01.2012
• Subjects: Catalysis; Catalysts; Catalytic activity; Hydrophobicity; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Polystyrene resins; X-rays
• ISSN: 0959-9428; 1364-5501
• DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30634d

In this paper for the first time we present a systematic study of the influence of hydrophobicity of Pd(ii) compounds, (CH sub(3)CN) sub(2)PdCl sub(2), (PhCN) sub(2)PdCl sub(2), (Sty)(CH sub(3)CN)PdCl sub(2), and (StyPdCl sub(2)) sub(2), on nanoparticle (NP) formation in the pores of hydrophobic micro/mesoporous hypercrosslinked polystyrene (HPS). The morphology and composition of HPS-Pd nanocomposites were studied using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and liquid nitrogen physisorption. The size and location of Pd compound NPs were found to depend on hydrophobicity of the Pd(ii) environment. Catalytic testing of these nanocomposites in d-glucose oxidation was carried out to illustrate the influence of nanoparticle size and environment on catalytic activity. The highest catalytic activity was achieved for (Sty)(CH sub(3)CN)PdCl sub(2), forming smallest NPs and allowing an optimal hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity balance with HPS.