Effects of hydrolysable tannins from Terminalia citrina on type III secretion system (T3SS) and their intestinal metabolite urolithin B represses Salmonella T3SS through Hha–H-NS–HilD–HilC–RtsA–HilA regulatory pathway

• Published in: Microbial pathogenesis Vol. 173; p. 105837
• Main Authors: Gao, Ze-Yuan, Song, Yu-Liang, Li, Xin-Tong, Li, Tian-Hong, Lu, Chun-Hua, Shen, Yue-Mao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.12.2022
• Subjects: Intestinal microbiota metabolite; Terminalia citrina; Type III secretion system; Urolithin B; Urolithin B; Tyep III Secretion System; Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium UK-1χ8956; Terminalia citrina; Type III secretion system; Intestinal microbiota metabolite; Terminalia citrina (Gaertn) Roxb
• ISSN: 0882-4010; 1096-1208
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105837

Gamma-proteobacteria is a class of gram-negative opportunistic pathogens existing in the intestinal flora, often leading to diarrhea and intestinal infectious diseases, and plays an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Type III secretion system (T3SS), an important virulence system, is closely related to the adhesion and invasion and pathogenicity to host cells. Therefore, anti-virulence agents targeting T3SS are important strategies for controlling pathogenic infections. In this study, the anti-Salmonella T3SS active compounds neochebulagic acid (1), ellagic acid (2) and urolithin M5 (3) were isolated from seed extract of Terminalia citrina by activity-guided isolation method. Based on the fact that urolithins are the main and stable intestinal microbiota metabolites of hydrolysable tannins, we found that the metabolite urolithin B repressed translation and secretion of SipC through the Hha–H-NS–HilD–HilC–RtsA–HilA regulatory pathway. The results provide evidence for Terminalia seeds and ellagitannin-rich berries and nuts in regulating intestinal homeostasis and treating bacterial infection. [Display omitted] •Neochebulagic acid (1), ellagic acid (2) and urolithin M5 (3) are anti-T3SS compounds from Terminalia citrina.•ET-derived intestinal microbiota metabolite urolithin B was identified as a T3SS inhibitor of Salmonella.•Urolithin B represses the T3SS through the Hha–H-NS–HilD–HilC–RtsA–HilA regulatory pathway.