The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma ligand on urological cancer cells

• Published in: International journal of molecular medicine Vol. 12; no. 6; p. 861
• Main Authors: Yoshimura, Rikio, Matsuyama, Masahide, Hase, Taro, Tsuchida, Kenji, Kuratsukuri, Katsuyuki, Kawahito, Yutaka, Sano, Hajime, Segawa, Yoshihiro, Nakatani, Tatsuya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Greece 01.12.2003
• Subjects: Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Apoptosis - drug effects; Cell Division - physiology; Chromans - pharmacology; Humans; Immunologic Factors - pharmacology; Ligands; Prostaglandin D2 - analogs & derivatives; Prostaglandin D2 - pharmacology; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - antagonists & inhibitors; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear - metabolism; Thiazolidinediones - pharmacology; Transcription Factors - antagonists & inhibitors; Transcription Factors - metabolism; Urologic Neoplasms - drug therapy
• ISSN: 1107-3756
• DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.12.6.861

Peroxisome proliferator activator-receptor (PPAR)-gamma ligand induces growth arrest of cancer cells through apoptosis. In this study, we examined the effects of PPAR-gamma inhibitors on cell proliferation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), bladder tumor (BT), and prostatic carcinoma (PC) cell lines. We investigated the inhibitory effect of PPAR-gamma ligands, troglitazone and 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) on RCC, BT and PC-derived cell lines using MTT assay and Hoechst staining. PPAR-gamma ligands (troglitazone and 15dPGJ2) induced the reduction of cell viability with the half-maximal concentration of growth inhibition of RCC, BT, and PC cell lines. Furthermore, counting cells at days 1, 2 and 3, clearly showed marked inhibition of cell proliferation using troglitazone and 15dPGJ2. All PPAR-gamma inhibitors stopped the growth of all RCC, BT and PC cells. Cells treated with PPAR-gamma inhibitors showed chromatin condensation, cellular shrinkage, small membrane-bound bodies (apoptotic bodies), and cytoplasmic condensation. These cellular changes were typically redundant characteristics of apoptosis. PPAR-gamma ligands may mediate potent antiproliferative effects against RCC, BT and PC cells through differentiation. Thus, PPAR-gamma may become a new target in treatment of urological tumors.