Chemical and biological products used in sugarcane and their effect on Trichogramma galloi

• Published in: Entomologia experimentalis et applicata Vol. 171; no. 10; pp. 732 - 738
• Main Authors: Taguti, Paula Sayuri, Ramalho, Dagmara Gomes, Nascimento, Vinícius Ferraz, Santos, Lauany Cavalcante, Taguti, Erica Ayumi, Mihsfeldt, Laila Herta, De Bortoli, Sergio Antonio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Amsterdam Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2023
• Subjects: Agricultural practices; biocontrol agent; Biological control; Biological products; Borers; Crambidae; Diatraea saccharalis; entomopathogen; Females; Hymenoptera; insecticide; Insecticides; Integrated pest management; IPM; Lepidoptera; Mortality; Offspring; Parasitism; parasitoid; Parasitoids; Pest control; Sex ratio; Sugarcane; sugarcane borer; Trichogramma galloi; Trichogrammatidae
• ISSN: 0013-8703; 1570-7458
• DOI: 10.1111/eea.13363

The parasitoid Trichogramma galloi Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is an effective biocontrol agent of the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Its use is often recommended in integrated pest management (IPM) programs in sugarcane. However, the IPM of this crop also involves the use of chemical and biological insecticides, and little is known about the effects of concomitant use of these products together with T. galloi. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the chemical insecticide chlorantraniliprole (Altacor 350 WG) and the biological agents Beauveria bassiana (Bals.‐Criv.) Vuill. (Granada WP), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Opala WP), and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var. kurstaki (Dipel WP) on the parasitism of T. galloi adult females against D. saccharalis eggs under laboratory conditions, in addition to biological parameters of the offspring. Treatments with chlorantraniliprole and B. thuringiensis reduced the parasitism rate of T. galloi females. The biological agents M. anisopliae, B. thuringiensis, and chlorantraniliprole increased offspring mortality by more than 30%. The use of B. bassiana favored adult female parasitism rates and did not cause significant offspring mortality. None of the treatments had significant effects on the emergence, longevity, and sex ratio of the offspring. Our results suggest that an insecticide based on B. bassiana can be used concomitantly with the parasitoid T. galloi in sugarcane IPM programs. Moreover, M. anisopliae, B. thuringiensis, and chlorantraniliprole had significant undesirable effects on T. galloi; therefore, they should be used with caution to avoid potential suppression of the parasitoid effect. We evaluated the effects of the chemical chlorantraniliprole (Altacor 350) and the biological insecticides Beauveria bassiana (Granada), Metarhizium anisopliae (Opala), and Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Dipel) on Trichogramma galloi adult female parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) against Diatraea saccharalis eggs (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Offspring mortality was increased by >30%. Beauveria bassiana favored adult female parasitism rates and did not cause significant offspring mortality. Hence, B. bassiana may be used concomitantly with T. galloi, but the other products need more study.