Effects of microbial deodorizer on pig feces fermentation and the underlying deodorizing mechanism

• Published in: Waste management (Elmsford) Vol. 174; pp. 174 - 186
• Main Authors: Li, Changning, Zhang, Chen, Ran, Fu, Yao, Tuo, Lan, Xiaojun, Li, Haiyun, Bai, Jie, Lei, Yang, Zhou, Ze, Cui, Xiaoning
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 15.02.2024
• Subjects: Hydrogen sulfide; Ammonia; Microbial community succession; Microbial deodorant; Volatile fatty acids; Pig feces
• ISSN: 0956-053X; 1879-2456
• DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.003

Microbial deodorization is a novel strategy for reducing odor in livestock and poultry feces. Herein, 12 strains of ammonia (NH ) and 15 hydrogen sulfide (H S) removing bacteria were obtained with a removal efficiency of 65.20-79.80% and 34.90-79.70%, respectively. A novel bacteria deodorant named MIX (Bacillus zhangzhouensis, Bacillus altitudinis, and Acinetobacter pittii at a ratio of 1:1:2) were obtained. MIX can shorten the temperature rising stage by 2 days and prolong the thermophilic stage by 4 days. The ability of MIX to remove NH , H S, and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and the underlying removal mechanism were analyzed during pig feces fermentation. MIX can significantly reduce the concentrations of NH and H S by 41.82% and 66.35% and increase the concentrations of NO -N and SO by 7.80% and 8.83% (P < 0.05), respectively, on the 25th day. Moreover, the concentrations of acetic, propionate, iso-valerate, and valerate were significantly reduced. The dominant bacteria communities at the phylum level were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Spirochaetes. B. zhangzhouensis and B. altitudinis could convert NH -N to NO -N, and A. pittii could transfer H S to SO . This study revealed that bacteria deodorant can reduce the concentrations of NH , H S, and VFAs in pig feces and increase those of NH , NO , and SO and has excellent potential in deodorizing livestock and poultry feces composting.