TIPRL, a Potential Double-edge Molecule to be Targeted and Re-targeted Toward Cancer

• Published in: Cell biochemistry and biophysics Vol. 82; no. 3; pp. 1681 - 1691
• Main Authors: Gao, Jie, You, Tiantian, Liu, Jiao, Yang, Lili, Liu, Yan, Wang, Yanyan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.09.2024; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis; Biochemistry; Biological and Medical Physics; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biophysics; Biotechnology; Cancer; Catalytic subunits; Cell Biology; Cell proliferation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism; Kinases; Life Sciences; Liver cancer; Lung carcinoma; Mammalian cells; Neoplasms - metabolism; Neoplasms - pathology; Non-small cell lung carcinoma; Pharmacology/Toxicology; Phosphatidylinositol kinase; Phylogeny; Protein Phosphatase 2 - antagonists & inhibitors; Protein Phosphatase 2 - metabolism; Proteins; Rapamycin; Review Paper; Signal Transduction; TOR protein; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism; Wildlife conservation; Yeasts; TOR signaling; PP2A; Rapamycin; TIPRL; Cancer
• ISSN: 1085-9195; 1559-0283; 1559-0283
• DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01334-5

The target of rapamycin (TOR) proteins exhibits phylogenetic conservation across various species, ranging from yeast to humans, and are classified as members of the phosphatidylinositol kinase (PIK)-related kinase family. Multiple serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein phosphatases (PP)2A, PP4, and PP6, have been recognized as constituents of the TOR signaling pathway in mammalian cells. The protein known as TOR signaling pathway regulator-like (TIPRL) functions as a regulatory agent by impeding the activity of the catalytic subunits of PP2A. Various cellular contexts have been postulated for TIPRL, encompassing the regulation of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, inhibition of apoptosis and biogenesis, and recycling of PP2A. According to reports, there has been an observed increase in TIPRL levels in several types of carcinomas, such as non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). This review aims to comprehensively examine the significance of the Tor pathway in regulating apoptosis and proliferation of cancer cells, with a specific focus on the role of TOR signaling and TIPRL in cancer.