Acute Pancreatitis: Current Clinical Approaches, Molecular Pathophysiology, and Potential Therapeutics

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), pancreatic inflammation leading to multiorgan failure, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. There is a critical need to identify novel therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes for SAP patients. A comprehensive literature review was performed to...

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Published inPancreas Vol. 52; no. 6; p. e335
Main Authors Wiley, Mark B, Mehrotra, Kunaal, Bauer, Jessica, Yazici, Cemal, Bialkowska, Agnieszka B, Jung, Barbara
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.07.2023
Subjects
Acute Disease
Cytokines
Fluid Therapy
Humans
Inflammation - therapy
Pancreatitis - genetics
Pancreatitis - therapy
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Summary:Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), pancreatic inflammation leading to multiorgan failure, is associated with high morbidity and mortality. There is a critical need to identify novel therapeutic strategies to improve clinical outcomes for SAP patients. A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify current clinical strategies, known molecular pathophysiology, and potential therapeutic targets for SAP. Current clinical approaches focus on determining which patients will likely develop SAP. However, therapeutic options are limited to supportive care and fluid resuscitation. The application of a novel 5-cytokine panel accurately predicting disease outcomes in SAP suggests that molecular approaches will improve impact of future clinical trials in AP. Inflammatory outcomes in acute pancreatitis are driven by several unique molecular signals, which compound to promote both local and systemic inflammation. The identification of master cytokine regulators is critical to developing therapeutics, which reduce inflammation through several mechanisms.
ISSN:1536-4828
DOI:10.1097/MPA.0000000000002259