Factors associated with multimorbidity in the elderly: an integrative literature review

Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with multimorbidity in the elderly through an integrative literature review. Method: The “Cochrane Library”, “MEDLINE”, “Web of Science”, “Scopus” and “LILACS” databases were used, as well as the “SciELO” virtu...

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Published inRevista brasileira de geriatria e gerontologia Vol. 22; no. 1
Main Authors Melo, Laércio Almeida de, Braga, Luciana de Castro, Leite, Fabíola Pessôa Pereira, Bittar, Breno Fortes, Oséas, Jéssica Mayara de Figueirêdo, Lima, Kenio Costa de
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro 2019
Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) , Universidade Aberta a Terceira Idade (UnAti)
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Summary:Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study was to identify factors associated with multimorbidity in the elderly through an integrative literature review. Method: The “Cochrane Library”, “MEDLINE”, “Web of Science”, “Scopus” and “LILACS” databases were used, as well as the “SciELO” virtual library and the electronic search engine “Google Academic”. The following search terms were applied: “multimorbidity”; “multi-morbidity”; “comorbidity; “multiple diseases”; “elderly”; “major adults”, “older people”, “older persons”, “aged”, “associated factors”, “correlated factors”, “socioeconomic factors” and “demographic factors.” The inclusion criterion was that the object of the study was the elderly population with multimorbidity. Studies in which multimorbidity was not the dependent variable were excluded. Results: a total of seven articles were included in this review. A prevalence of multimorbidity in the elderly ranging from 30.7% to 57% was found. The associated factors were smoking, alcohol consumption, lived in rural areas, low levels of schooling, the female gender, older elderly persons and not living with children. In the majority of articles a low level of family income was also associated with multimorbidity. Conclusion: The results suggest that multimorbidity in the elderly is a common condition and that it is influenced by socioeconomic and demographic factors, lifestyle and family structure. Resumo Objetivo: Objetivou-se identificar os fatores associados à multimorbidade em idosos por meio de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Método: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados “Cochrane Library”, “MEDLINE”, “Web of Science”, “Scopus” e “LILACS”. Também foram utilizados a biblioteca virtual “Scielo” e o buscador eletrônico “Google Acadêmico”. Empregaram--se os seguintes termos para as buscas: “multimorbidity”; “multi-morbidity”; “comorbidity”; “multiple diseases”; “elderly”; “major adults”, “older people”, “older persons”, “aged”, “associated factors”, “correlated factors”, “socioeconomic factors” e “demographic factors”. Os critérios de inclusão consistiram em: estudos transversais ou longitudinais que tinham como objeto de estudo a população idosa com multimorbidade. Foram excluídos os estudos em que a multimorbidade não foi a variável dependente. Resultados: Um total de sete artigos foi incluído nesta revisão. Observou-se uma prevalência variando de 30,7% a 57,0% de multimorbidade em idosos. Os fatores associados foram o ato de fumar, consumo de álcool, morar em áreas rurais, baixa escolaridade, sexo feminino, idosos mais envelhecidos e não morar com crianças. Para a maioria dos artigos, uma renda familiar baixa também se mostrou associada à multimorbidade. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a multimorbidade em idosos é uma condição comum e que ela tem sido influenciada por fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, estilo de vida e estrutura familiar.
ISSN:1809-9823
1981-2256
1981-2256
DOI:10.1590/1981-22562019022.180154