Risk factors related to hypertension among patients in a cohort living with HIV/AIDS

INTRODUCTION: Studies disagree as to whether there is a greater prevalence of hypertension among HIV/AIDS patients and the role of antiretroviral therapy. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, with emphasis on antiretroviral therapy...

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Published inThe Brazilian journal of infectious diseases Vol. 14; no. 3; pp. 281 - 287
Main Authors Arruda Junior, Evanizio Roque de, Lacerda, Heloisa Ramos, Moura, Libia Cristina Rocha Vilela, Albuquerque, Maria de Fatima Pessoa Militão de, Miranda Filho, Democrito de Barros, Diniz, George Tadeu Nunes, Albuquerque, Valeria Maria Gonçalves de, Amaral, Josefina Cláudia Zirpoli, Ximenes, Ricardo Alencar de Arraes, Monteiro, Verônica Soares
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Portuguese
Published Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases 01.06.2010
Elsevier
Subjects
antiretroviral therapy
cardiovascular risk
HIV/AIDS
hypertension
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
HIV/AIDS
cardiovascular risk
hypertension
antiretroviral therapy
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Summary:INTRODUCTION: Studies disagree as to whether there is a greater prevalence of hypertension among HIV/AIDS patients and the role of antiretroviral therapy. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and risk factors in a cohort of HIV-infected patients, with emphasis on antiretroviral therapy. METHOD: Case-control study conducted at baseline of a cohort, between June/2007 and December/2008 in Pernambuco/Brazil. Blood pressure was classified as normal, prehypertension, and hypertension. RESULTS: Of 958 patients, 245 (25.6%) had hypertension (cases), 325 (33.9%) had prehypertension, and 388 (40.5%) were normotensive (controls). Comparison between hypertensive and normotensive patients showed that traditional factors, such as age > 40 (OR = 3.06, CI = 1.91-4.97), male gender (OR = 1.85, CI = 1.15-3.01), BMI > 25 (OR = 5.51, CI = 3.36-9.17), and triglycerides > 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.69, CI = 1.05-2.71), were independently associated with hypertension. Duration of antiretroviral therapy and CD4 > 200 cells/mm³ were associated with hypertension in univariate analysis, but did not remain in final model. Type of antiretroviral schema and lipodystrophy showed no association with hypertension. CONCLUSION: Hypertension in HIV/AIDS patients is partially linked to invariable factors, such as age and sex. Efforts should be directed toward controlling reversible factors, particularly excessive weight gain and unsuitable diet.
ISSN:1413-8670
1678-4391
DOI:10.1590/S1413-86702010000300014