Reactive oxygen species from NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase constitutively activate NF-κB in malignant melanoma cells

• Published in: American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology Vol. 280; no. 3; pp. C659 - C676
• Main Authors: Brar, Sukhdev S., Kennedy, Thomas P., Whorton, A. Richard, Sturrock, Anne B., Huecksteadt, Thomas P., Ghio, Andrew J., Hoidal, John R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: 01.03.2001
• ISSN: 0363-6143; 1522-1563
• DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.2001.280.3.C659

The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is constitutively activated in malignancies from enhanced activity of inhibitor of NF-κB (IκB) kinase, with accelerated IκBα degradation. We studied whether redox signaling might stimulate these events. Cultured melanoma cells generated superoxide anions (O[Formula: see text]) without serum stimulation. O[Formula: see text]generation was reduced by the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO) inhibitor dicumarol and the quinone analog capsaicin, suggesting that electron transfer from NQO through a quinone-mediated pathway may be an important source of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumor cells. Treatment of malignant melanoma cells with the H 2 O 2 scavenger catalase, the sulfhydryl donor N-acetylcysteine, the glutathione peroxidase mimetic ebselen, or dicumarol decreased NF-κB activation. Catalase, N-acetylcysteine, ebselen, dicumarol, and capsaicin also inhibited growth of melanoma and other malignant cell lines. These results raise the possibility that ROS produced endogenously by mechanisms involving NQO can constitutively activate NF-κB in an autocrine fashion and suggest the potential for new antioxidant strategies for interruption of oxidant signaling of melanoma cell growth.