Prostate cancer detection using quantitative T 2 and T 2 -weighted imaging: The effects of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in men on active surveillance

• Published in: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging Vol. 47; no. 6; pp. 1646 - 1653
• Main Authors: Giganti, Francesco, Gambarota, Giulio, Moore, Caroline M, Robertson, Nicola L, McCartan, Neil, Jameson, Charles, Bott, Simon R J, Winkler, Mathias, Whitcher, Brandon, Castro-Santamaria, Ramiro, Emberton, Mark, Allen, Clare, Kirkham, Alex
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.06.2018
• Subjects: 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors - therapeutic use; Aged; Androgen Antagonists - therapeutic use; Biomarkers, Tumor; Double-Blind Method; Dutasteride - therapeutic use; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Prostate - diagnostic imaging; Prostatic Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Retrospective Studies; dutasteride; magnetic resonance imaging; quantitative T2; active surveillance; placebo; prostatic neoplasms
• ISSN: 1053-1807; 1522-2586
• DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25891

T -weighted imaging (T -WI) information has been used in a qualitative manner in the assessment of prostate cancer. Quantitative derivatives (T relaxation time) can be generated from T -WI. These outputs may be useful in helping to discriminate clinically significant prostate cancer from background signal. To investigate changes in quantitative T parameters in lesions and noncancerous tissue of men on active surveillance for prostate cancer taking dutasteride 0.5 mg or placebo daily for 6 months. Retrospective. Forty men randomized to 6 months of daily dutasteride (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20). Multiparametric 3T MRI at baseline and 6 months. This included a multiecho MR sequence for quantification of the T relaxation times, in three regions of interest (index lesion, noncancerous peripheral [PZ] and transitional [TZ] zones). A synthetic signal contrast (T Q contrast) between lesion and noncancerous tissue was assessed using quantitative T values. Signal contrast was calculated using the T -weighted sequence (T W contrast). Two radiologists reviewed the scans in consensus according to Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS v. 2) guidelines. Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U-tests, Spearman's correlation. When compared to noncancerous tissue, shorter T values were observed within lesions at baseline (83.5 and 80.5 msec) and 6 months (81.5 and 81.9 msec) in the placebo and dutasteride arm, respectively. No significant differences for T W contrast at baseline and after 6 months were observed, both in the placebo (0.40 [0.29-0.49] vs. 0.43 [0.25-0.49]; P = 0.881) and dutasteride arm (0.35 [0.24-0.47] vs. 0.37 [0.22-0.44]; P = 0.668). There was a significant, positive correlation between the T Q contrast and the T W contrast values (r = 0.786; P < 0.001). The exposure to antiandrogen therapy did not significantly influence the T contrast or the T relaxation values in men on active surveillance for prostate cancer. 4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1646-1653.