Severe electric injuries of the hand and forearm
Electrical injuries of the upper limb produce major destruction of tissue mainly affecting the forearm, since the hand is usually the site of entry of current. Limb salvage, if it is to be successful, requires the rapid institution of a number of surgical procedures. Vein grafting to restore blood s...
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Published in | Annales de chirurgie de la main et du membre supérieur Vol. 11; no. 3; pp. 207 - 216 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Paris
Elsevier B.V
1992
Expansion scientifique |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Electrical injuries of the upper limb produce major destruction of tissue mainly affecting the forearm, since the hand is usually the site of entry of current. Limb salvage, if it is to be successful, requires the rapid institution of a number of surgical procedures. Vein grafting to restore blood supply is frequently required and just as frequently requires skin flap cover following adequate debridement. The most commonly used flap is the groin flap. Despite the progression of necrosis beneath the flap for a period of up to three weeks, healing is usually successful and it is usually possible to avoid amputation. Several surgical procedures are required as a rule. The initial surgery is followed, in order, by nerve graft, tendon transfer and skin transfer following the use of tissue expanders. Results long term, with regard to function and appearance, were judged good.
Les brûlures électriques du membre supérieur provoquent des destructions nécrotiques majeures des structures anatomiques de l'avant-bras, la main étant le plus souvent le point d'entrée du courant électrique. Le sauvetage du membre supérieur nécessite la mise en œuvre rapide de plusieurs procédures chirurgicales. Le remplacement artériel par greffon veineux est souvent indispensable, à condition d'être immédiatement recouvert par un lambeau en îlot de l'aine (Mac Gregor), après un parage économique. Le processus nécrotique va se poursuivre pendant 3 semaines sous le lambeau, mais les résultats finaux sont bons et l'amputation peut être évitée. De multiples gestes chirurgicaux de reconstruction sont nécessaires. Ils associeront successivement une greffe nerveuse, les transferts tendineux et des transferts cutanés après mise en place d'expandeurs. Les résultats à long terme se sont révélés bons sur le plan fonctionnel et esthétique.
Las quemaduras eléctricas del miembro superior provocan unas lesiones necróticas muy importantes de las estructuras anatómicas del antebrazo, siendo a menudo la mano la puerta de entrada de la corriente eléctrica. La conservación del miembro superior necesita un tratamiento rápido con diversas intervenciones quirúrgicas. La sustitución arterial por injerto venoso es frecuentemente indispensable a condición de ser recubierto por un injerto cutanéo vascularizado (Mac Gregor), después de haber realizado un desbridamiento económico. La necrosis continúa durante 3 semanas debajo del injerto pero los resultatos finales son buenos, y puede evitarse la amputación. Seran necesarias varias operaciones quirúrgicas para la reconstrucción como transplantes nerviosos, transposición de tendones, e injertos de piel con la ayuda de expansores cutanéos. Los resultatos a largo plazo son buenos desde el punto de vista estético y funcional. |
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AbstractList | Electrical injuries of the upper limb produce major destruction of tissue mainly affecting the forearm, since the hand is usually the site of entry of current. Limb salvage, if it is to be successful, requires the rapid institution of a number of surgical procedures. Vein grafting to restore blood supply is frequently required and just as frequently requires skin flap cover following adequate debridement. The most commonly used flap is the groin flap. Despite the progression of necrosis beneath the flap for a period of up to three weeks, healing is usually successful and it is usually possible to avoid amputation. Several surgical procedures are required as a rule. The initial surgery is followed, in order, by nerve graft, tendon transfer and skin transfer following the use of tissue expanders. Results long term, with regard to function and appearance, were judged good.
Les brûlures électriques du membre supérieur provoquent des destructions nécrotiques majeures des structures anatomiques de l'avant-bras, la main étant le plus souvent le point d'entrée du courant électrique. Le sauvetage du membre supérieur nécessite la mise en œuvre rapide de plusieurs procédures chirurgicales. Le remplacement artériel par greffon veineux est souvent indispensable, à condition d'être immédiatement recouvert par un lambeau en îlot de l'aine (Mac Gregor), après un parage économique. Le processus nécrotique va se poursuivre pendant 3 semaines sous le lambeau, mais les résultats finaux sont bons et l'amputation peut être évitée. De multiples gestes chirurgicaux de reconstruction sont nécessaires. Ils associeront successivement une greffe nerveuse, les transferts tendineux et des transferts cutanés après mise en place d'expandeurs. Les résultats à long terme se sont révélés bons sur le plan fonctionnel et esthétique.
Las quemaduras eléctricas del miembro superior provocan unas lesiones necróticas muy importantes de las estructuras anatómicas del antebrazo, siendo a menudo la mano la puerta de entrada de la corriente eléctrica. La conservación del miembro superior necesita un tratamiento rápido con diversas intervenciones quirúrgicas. La sustitución arterial por injerto venoso es frecuentemente indispensable a condición de ser recubierto por un injerto cutanéo vascularizado (Mac Gregor), después de haber realizado un desbridamiento económico. La necrosis continúa durante 3 semanas debajo del injerto pero los resultatos finales son buenos, y puede evitarse la amputación. Seran necesarias varias operaciones quirúrgicas para la reconstrucción como transplantes nerviosos, transposición de tendones, e injertos de piel con la ayuda de expansores cutanéos. Los resultatos a largo plazo son buenos desde el punto de vista estético y funcional. Electrical injuries of the upper limb produce major destruction of tissue mainly affecting the forearm, since the hand is usually the site of entry of current. Limb salvage, if it is to be successful, requires the rapid institution of a number of surgical procedures. Vein grafting to restore blood supply is frequently required and just as frequently requires skin flap cover following adequate debridement. The most commonly used flap is the groin flap. Despite the progression of necrosis beneath the flap for a period of up to three weeks, healing is usually successful and it is usually possible to avoid amputation. Several surgical procedures are required as a rule. The initial surgery is followed, in order, by nerve graft, tendon transfer and skin transfer following the use of tissue expanders. Results long term, with regard to function and appearance, were judged good. |
Author | Brabet, M. Gavroy, J.P. Griffe, O. Thaury, M. Téot, L. |
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Keywords | Electric burns Nervous grafting Injerto inguinal Transplantes nerviosos Brûlures électriques Arterial reconstruction Reconstrucción arterial Reconstruction artérielle Lambeau de l'aine Groin flap Greffe nerveuse Quemadura eléctricas Human Symptomatology Treatment Electrocution Diseases of the osteoarticular system Upper limb Trauma Hand |
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References | May, Chart, Cohen, O'Brien (bib5) 1983; 7 Hartford, Ziffren (bib3) 1971; 11 Yang Chih, Hsu, Shih (bib12) 1982 Rouse, Dimick (bib8) 1978; 18 Skoog (bib9) 1970; 10 Tolhurst, Skin, Bone (bib11) 1980; 33 Artz (bib1) 1967; 125 Harii, Ohmori (bib2) 1976; 13 Taylor, Daniel (bib10) 1975; 56 Morrison, O'Brien, Mac Leod (bib6) 1980; 5 Mac Gregor, Jackson (bib4) 1972; 25 Peterson (bib7) 1966; 48 Hartford (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib3) 1971; 11 Rouse (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib8) 1978; 18 Tolhurst (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib11) 1980; 33 Yang Chih (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib12) 1982 Skoog (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib9) 1970; 10 Morrison (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib6) 1980; 5 Taylor (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib10) 1975; 56 Mac Gregor (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib4) 1972; 25 May (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib5) 1983; 7 Peterson (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib7) 1966; 48 Artz (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib1) 1967; 125 Harii (10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib2) 1976; 13 |
References_xml | – volume: 5 start-page: 575 year: 1980 ident: bib6 article-title: Thumb reconstruction with a free neurovascular wrap around flap from the big toe publication-title: J Hand Surg contributor: fullname: Mac Leod – volume: 11 start-page: 331 year: 1971 end-page: 336 ident: bib3 article-title: Electrical injury publication-title: J. Trauma contributor: fullname: Ziffren – volume: 10 start-page: 816 year: 1970 end-page: 830 ident: bib9 article-title: Electrical injuries publication-title: J Trauma contributor: fullname: Skoog – volume: 56 start-page: 243 year: 1975 end-page: 256 ident: bib10 article-title: Anatomy of several free flap donor sites publication-title: Flap & Reconstr Surg contributor: fullname: Daniel – volume: 25 start-page: 3 year: 1972 end-page: 16 ident: bib4 article-title: The groin flap publication-title: Br J Plast Surg contributor: fullname: Jackson – volume: 33 start-page: 99 year: 1980 end-page: 114 ident: bib11 article-title: The use of muscle flap to cover exposed bone publication-title: Br J Plast Surg contributor: fullname: Bone – volume: 13 start-page: 111 year: 1976 end-page: 117 ident: bib2 article-title: Free skin flap transfer publication-title: Clin Plast Surg contributor: fullname: Ohmori – volume: 7 start-page: 366 year: 1983 ident: bib5 article-title: Free neurovascular flap from the first web of the foot and in hand reconstruction publication-title: J Hand Surg contributor: fullname: O'Brien – volume: 48 start-page: 407 year: 1966 end-page: 423 ident: bib7 article-title: Electric Burns of the hand publication-title: J Bone Joint Surg contributor: fullname: Peterson – year: 1982 ident: bib12 article-title: Treatment of burns. Shangai contributor: fullname: Shih – volume: 18 start-page: 36 year: 1978 end-page: 43 ident: bib8 article-title: The treatment of electrical injury compared to burn injury publication-title: J Trauma contributor: fullname: Dimick – volume: 125 start-page: 1316 year: 1967 end-page: 1317 ident: bib1 article-title: Electrical injury simulates crush injury publication-title: Surg Gynecol Obstet contributor: fullname: Artz – volume: 10 start-page: 816 year: 1970 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib9 article-title: Electrical injuries publication-title: J Trauma doi: 10.1097/00005373-197010000-00002 contributor: fullname: Skoog – volume: 48 start-page: 407 year: 1966 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib7 article-title: Electric Burns of the hand publication-title: J Bone Joint Surg doi: 10.2106/00004623-196648030-00001 contributor: fullname: Peterson – volume: 56 start-page: 243 year: 1975 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib10 article-title: Anatomy of several free flap donor sites publication-title: Flap & Reconstr Surg doi: 10.1097/00006534-197509000-00001 contributor: fullname: Taylor – volume: 13 start-page: 111 year: 1976 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib2 article-title: Free skin flap transfer publication-title: Clin Plast Surg contributor: fullname: Harii – volume: 33 start-page: 99 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib11 article-title: The use of muscle flap to cover exposed bone publication-title: Br J Plast Surg doi: 10.1016/0007-1226(80)90065-X contributor: fullname: Tolhurst – volume: 25 start-page: 3 year: 1972 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib4 article-title: The groin flap publication-title: Br J Plast Surg doi: 10.1016/S0007-1226(72)80003-1 contributor: fullname: Mac Gregor – volume: 5 start-page: 575 year: 1980 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib6 article-title: Thumb reconstruction with a free neurovascular wrap around flap from the big toe publication-title: J Hand Surg doi: 10.1016/S0363-5023(80)80110-9 contributor: fullname: Morrison – volume: 18 start-page: 36 year: 1978 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib8 article-title: The treatment of electrical injury compared to burn injury publication-title: J Trauma doi: 10.1097/00005373-197801000-00008 contributor: fullname: Rouse – volume: 7 start-page: 366 year: 1983 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib5 article-title: Free neurovascular flap from the first web of the foot and in hand reconstruction publication-title: J Hand Surg contributor: fullname: May – volume: 11 start-page: 331 year: 1971 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib3 article-title: Electrical injury publication-title: J. Trauma doi: 10.1097/00005373-197104000-00008 contributor: fullname: Hartford – year: 1982 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib12 contributor: fullname: Yang Chih – volume: 125 start-page: 1316 year: 1967 ident: 10.1016/S0753-9053(05)80371-0_bib1 article-title: Electrical injury simulates crush injury publication-title: Surg Gynecol Obstet contributor: fullname: Artz |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Amputation Arterial reconstruction Biological and medical sciences Brûlures électriques Electric burns Electric Injuries - surgery Forearm Injuries - surgery Greffe nerveuse Groin flap Hand Injuries - surgery Humans Injerto inguinal Injuries of the limb. Injuries of the spine Lambeau de l'aine Male Medical sciences Methods Nervous grafting Postoperative Complications Quemadura eléctricas Reconstrucción arterial Reconstruction artérielle Reoperation Surgical Flaps - methods Transplantes nerviosos Traumas. Diseases due to physical agents |
Title | Severe electric injuries of the hand and forearm |
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