Impact of TEMPO-Oxidation Pretreatment of Red Ginseng Residual on Nanofibrillation

Red ginseng extract is one of the most widely used herbal medicines to prevent and cure various diseases. Among the processed products derived from red ginseng, the water-insoluble part as red ginseng residual (RGR) becomes waste, even though it contains important ingredients. TEMPO-oxidation (TO) c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inProcesses Vol. 12; no. 5; p. 1035
Main Authors Zahra, Audrey, Firsty, Virginia Ghita, Shin, Soo-Jeong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.05.2024
Subjects
Amino acids
Biological activity
Carbohydrate composition
Carbohydrates
Cellulose
Cellulose fibers
Charge density
Cosmetics
Dextrose
Ginseng
Glucose
Herbal medicine
Hydrogels
Ingredients
Nanomaterials
Nanoparticles
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oxidants
Oxidation
Oxidation-reduction reaction
Oxidizing agents
Pretreatment
Skin cancer
Surface charge
Uronic acid
Zeta potential
South Korea
China
Germany
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Summary:Red ginseng extract is one of the most widely used herbal medicines to prevent and cure various diseases. Among the processed products derived from red ginseng, the water-insoluble part as red ginseng residual (RGR) becomes waste, even though it contains important ingredients. TEMPO-oxidation (TO) can be used as a pre-treatment with different degrees of oxidation (DO) (0 to 0.4) in red ginseng residual (RGR-TO) by introducing chemical oxidation and high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) as a nanofibrillation process. 1H NMR was used to determine the carbohydrate composition and calculate DO, size was examined using a nanoparticle analyzer, and the zeta potential was used to determine surface charge density. RGR-TO with different concentrations had different compositions; glucose and uronic acid were the main ingredients. All treated RGR-TO showed higher oxidant levels than the untreated counterpart (RGR-TO 0). As the oxidant levels increased, the zeta potential and uronic acid increased, but the size of the nanofibril from RGR-TO decreased. The results of this study showed that TEMPO-oxidation pretreatment was effective in producing RGR cellulose nanofibril (CNF) with a variety of properties by adjusting the level of oxidation pretreatment and the number of HPH passes.
ISSN:2227-9717
2227-9717
DOI:10.3390/pr12051035