Type 2 Diabetes Elicits Lower Nitric Oxide, Bradykinin Concentration and Kallikrein Activity Together with Higher DesArg9-BK and Reduced Post-Exercise Hypotension Compared to Non-Diabetic Condition

• Published in: PloS one Vol. 8; no. 11; p. e80348
• Main Authors: Simões, Herbert Gustavo, Asano, Ricardo Yukio, Sales, Marcelo Magalhães, Browne, Rodrigo Alberto Vieira, Arsa, Gisela, Motta-Santos, Daisy, Puga, Guilherme Morais, Lima, Laila Cândida de Jesus, Campbell, Carmen Sílvia Grubert, Franco, Octavio Luiz
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: San Francisco Public Library of Science 12.11.2013
• Subjects: Atherosclerosis; Blood; Blood pressure; Bradykinin; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Exercise; Hypertension; Hypotension; Kallikrein; Lactic acid; Nitric oxide; Nitrogen oxides; Oxidative stress; Oxygen; Oxygen uptake; Plasma; Plasma kallikrein; Protein kinase A; Studies
• ISSN: 1932-6203; 1932-6203
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080348

This study compared the plasma kallikrein activity (PKA), bradykinin concentration (BK), DesArg9-BK production, nitric oxide release (NO) and blood pressure (BP) response after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise performed by individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Ten subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and 10 without type 2 diabetes (ND) underwent three sessions: 1) maximal incremental test on cycle ergometer to determine lactate threshold (LT); 2) 20-min of constant-load exercise on cycle ergometer, at 90% LT and; 3) control session. BP and oxygen uptake were measured at rest and at 15, 30 and 45 min post-exercise. Venous blood samples were collected at 15 and 45 minutes of the recovery period for further analysis of PKA, BK and DesArg9-BK. Nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) was analyzed at 15 minutes post exercise. The ND group presented post-exercise hypotension (PEH) of systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure on the 90% LT session but T2D group did not. Plasma NOx increased ~24.4% for ND and ~13.8% for T2D group 15min after the exercise session. Additionally, only ND individuals showed increases in PKA and BK in response to exercise and only T2D group showed increased DesArg9-BK production. It was concluded that T2D individuals presented lower PKA, BK and NOx release as well as higher DesArg9-BK production and reduced PEH in relation to ND participants after a single exercise session.