Development of core-shell nanocomposites containing iron oxide,silica and samarium for potential application in cancer treatments involving brachytherapy and magnetic hyperthermia

• Published in: REM - International Engineering Journal Vol. 76; no. 2; pp. 177 - 186
• Main Authors: Veloso, Gabriela, Ferreira, Roberta, Roberto, Wanderley, Silva, Sidney Nicodemos da
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Fundação Gorceix 01.06.2023
• Subjects: ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL; GEOLOGY; MECHANICS; METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING; iron oxide; samarium; brachytherapy/magnetic hyperthermia; silica; cancer; nanocomposites; sol-gel
• ISSN: 2448-167X; 2448-167X
• DOI: 10.1590/0370-44672022760049

Abstract Nanocomposites formed of natural-origin iron oxide nanoparticles (magnetite and maghemite, Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3, respectively) were processed using the sol-gel process into core-shell structures containing silica and samarium to investigate their potential for applications in cancer treatments combining hyperthermia and brachytherapy. Mössbauer characterization showed that the iron oxides contained 64% magnetite, 18% hematite, 12% maghemite, and exhibit superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy determined that the iron oxide particles were smaller than 15 nm, while magnetization was measured at 5 emu/g. Fourier transform infrared indicated the material was formed of Si-O-Si and Fe-O-Si bonds, while X-ray diffraction showed bands of amorphous silica from 5° to 23° and bands of iron oxide phases. X-ray fluorescence indicated 5.17% of incorporated samarium. The nanocomposite suspensions were subjected to an alternating magnetic field and the resulting heat dissipation was measured, falling within the ideal range for hyperthermia applications. Theoretical dosimetric calculation determined significant radioactive activity of 1.68x10-8 MBq.mg-1.Φ -1 after 24h decay time for 153Sm. The characteristics and behavior of these nanocomposites indicate that they may offer promise in applications involving hyperthermia for cancer treatment and a more accessible source for brachytherapy materials.