Periprocedural Assessment of Paravalvular Regurgitation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Using Diastolic Delta and Videodensitometry

• Published in: Journal of the American Heart Association Vol. 13; no. 18; p. e035587
• Main Authors: Rooijakkers, Maxim J P, Elkoumy, Ahmed, Stens, Niels A, van Wely, Marleen H, Versteeg, Geert A A, Tsai, Tsung-Ying, Rodwell, Laura, Heijmen, Robin H, Serruys, Patrick W, Soliman, Osama, van Royen, Niels
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley 17.09.2024
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; aortic stenosis; Aortic Valve - diagnostic imaging; Aortic Valve - physiopathology; Aortic Valve - surgery; Aortic Valve Insufficiency - diagnosis; Aortic Valve Insufficiency - diagnostic imaging; Aortic Valve Insufficiency - etiology; Aortic Valve Insufficiency - physiopathology; Aortic Valve Stenosis - physiopathology; Aortic Valve Stenosis - surgery; cardiac magnetic resonance; Diastole; Female; Hemodynamics - physiology; Humans; Male; paravalvular regurgitation; Postoperative Complications - diagnosis; Postoperative Complications - etiology; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement - adverse effects; Treatment Outcome; videodensitometry; transcatheter aortic valve replacement; videodensitometry; aortic stenosis; paravalvular regurgitation; cardiac magnetic resonance
• ISSN: 2047-9980; 2047-9980
• DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.124.035587

Paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is a common complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement, posing an increased risk of heart failure and mortality. Accurate intraprocedural quantification of PVR is challenging. Both hemodynamic indices and videodensitometry can be used for intraprocedural assessment of PVR. We compared the predictive value of the isolated versus combined use of the hemodynamic index diastolic delta (DD) and videodensitometry for the incidence of relevant PVR 1 month after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. In this prospective cohort study, patients underwent periprocedural PVR assessment by DD and videodensitometry (using left ventricular outflow tract-aortic regurgitation [LVOT-AR]). Cardiac magnetic resonance served as reference modality for PVR assessment. Relevant PVR was defined as cardiac magnetic resonance-regurgitant fraction >20%. Fifty-one patients were enrolled in this study. Mean age was 80.6±5.2 years and 45.1% of patients were men. Mean LVOT-AR and cardiac magnetic resonance-regurgitant fraction were 8.2%±7.8% and 11.7%±9.6%, respectively. The correlation between DD and LVOT-AR was weak ( =-0.36). DD and LVOT-AR showed a comparable accuracy to predict relevant PVR (area under the curve 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.95 versus area area under the time-density curve 0.80, 95% CI: 0.62-0.99). The combination of DD and LVOT-AR improved the prediction of relevant PVR (area under the time-density curve, 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81-0.99), and resulted in an increased concordance (86.3%) and positive predictive value (75%) compared with DD alone (76.5% and 40%, respectively), or LVOT-AR alone (82.3% and 50%, respectively). DD and videodensitometry are both accurate and feasible modalities for the assessment of PVR after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. The synergistic use of both techniques increases the predictive value for relevant PVR after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04281771.