Characteristics of coherent two-dimensional grating surface emitting diode laser arrays during CW operation

• Published in: IEEE journal of quantum electronics Vol. 27; no. 6; pp. 1594 - 1608
• Main Authors: Evans, G.A., Bour, D.P., Carlson, N.W., Amantea, R., Hammer, J.M., Lee, H., Lurie, M., Lai, R.C., Pelka, P.F., Farkas, R.E., Kirk, J.B., Liew, S.K., Reichert, W.F., Wang, C.A., Choi, H.K., Walpole, J.N., Butler, J.K., Ferguson, W.F., DeFreez, R.K., Felisky, M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY IEEE 01.06.1991; Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
• Subjects: Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications); Gratings; Laser feedback; Lasers; Mutual coupling; Optical arrays; Optical coupling; Optics; Physics; Power generation; Quantum well lasers; Semiconductor lasers; laser diodes; Surface emitting lasers; Surface waves; Threshold current; Diffraction grating; Injection laser; Surface emitting laser; Semiconductor laser; Laser array
• ISSN: 0018-9197; 1558-1713
• DOI: 10.1109/3.89983

Recent progress in the development of monolithic two-dimensional coherent grating surface emitting (GSE) laser arrays is presented. Such GSE arrays have operated continuously to more than 3 W/surface and pulsed to more than 30 W/surface. They have achieved continuous wave (CW) threshold current densities of under 140 A/cm/sup 2/ with CW differential quantum efficiencies of 20-46% per surface. Linewidths in the 40-100 MHz range were obtained with output powers of 100-300 mW per surface. The arrays typically consist of 10-30 mutually injection coupled gain sections with 10 laterally coupled ridge-guided lasers in each gain section. A single GaInAs strained-layer quantum well with a graded-index separate confinement heterostructure (GRINSCH) geometry allows junction down mounting with light emission through the transparent GaAs substrate. A surface relief grating is used for feedback and outcoupling.< >