Geoecological Approach to Justification of Priority Directions for Reducing Negative Ecological Impacts during Implementation on the South Yakutia of Large Energy Projects in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

• Published in: IOP conference series. Earth and environmental science Vol. 720; no. 1; p. 12016
• Main Author: Nikolaeva, N A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bristol IOP Publishing 01.04.2021
• Subjects: Climatic conditions; Construction industry; Ecological balance; Ecology; Economic conditions; Energy resources; Energy sources; Environmental impact; Fuels; Industrial development; Landscape; Natural resources; Nature conservation; Stability analysis; Territory
• ISSN: 1755-1307; 1755-1315
• DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/720/1/012016

Abstract The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) belongs to the zone of the North, rich in natural resources. Distinctive features from other territories are extremely severe climatic conditions, unfavorable both for the population and for the intensive development of industry, construction, transport, and agriculture. Under current economic conditions it is necessary to intensify the development of fuel and energy resources as well as their export which leads to the peaking of environmental problems including environmental pollution. The most significant contribution to this process is made by the fuel and energy complex which determines the urgency of carrying out theoretical developments to minimize the consequences of disturbing the ecological balance of territories of industrial development. This requires a comprehensive geoecological approach involving a systematic study of the relationships between both natural and man-made objects, elements and processes necessary for the most complete analysis of possible changes in nature and their consequences. Based on the application of the geoecological approach, a methodological scheme has been developed that provides a comprehensive study of various fuel and energy complex objects as part of the complex, functionally unified geotechnical system “Energy Object - Environment” in the North which is based on geosystem analysis and the concept of geotechnical systems. Studying the interaction of large power facilities in South Yakutia – the Neryungri TPP, the Elga coal complex and the project of the possible Kankun HPP with the environment as a part of various industrial geotechnical systems, analysis and assessment of technogenic impacts, changes in natural complexes and natural and social consequences, assessment of the degree of environmental stability to technological impacts can form the basis for the development of geoecological directions, differentiated by landscape complexes and ranked by the levels of nature conservation. With that the specific activities are determined by the landscape and ecological specifics of each landscape area and modern regional nature management.