Coordinated Unbalance Compensation and Harmonic Mitigation in the Secondary Distribution Network Through EVs Participation

• Published in: IEEE transactions on smart grid Vol. 15; no. 5; pp. 4450 - 4462
• Main Authors: Saleh, Sayed Vahid, Latify, Mohammad Amin
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 01.09.2024; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Batteries; charging management; Compensation; Constraints; Effectiveness; Electric vehicle charging; Electric vehicles (EVs); Harmonic analysis; harmonic mitigation; Indexes; Iterative methods; Linear programming; linear programming (LP); Nonlinear programming; Optimization; Optimization models; Pollution; Power flow; Power lines; Power system harmonics; secondary distribution network (SDN); Unbalance; unbalance compensation; Voltage; Voltage measurement
• ISSN: 1949-3053; 1949-3061
• DOI: 10.1109/TSG.2024.3370861

The participation of electric vehicles (EVs) in the operation of secondary distribution networks (SDNs) leads to more efficient operation. However, SDNs are often subject to high levels of unbalance and harmonic pollution, and these two phenomena can have mutual effects. To design an effective EVs-involved operation framework for SDNs, it is necessary to consider them jointly. This paper proposes a framework for coordinated unbalance compensation and harmonic mitigation of SDNs for daily operations through the charging management of EVs by considering the power line conditioning capability of the EV chargers. This framework is initially presented as a stochastic nonlinear programming (NLP) model. Sources of uncertainty include the harmonic load profile, the arrival and departure times of EVs, and the initial state of charge of the EVs' batteries. The objective function of the optimization model is to minimize the expected value of voltage unbalance and harmonic pollution measures. The constraints include the three-phase (3ph) harmonic power flow constraints, the EVs and the chargers (including single-phase (1ph) and 3ph chargers) operational constraints, and the SDN operational security constraints. By using some linearization techniques, a method based on solving iterative linear programming (LP) problems is presented to efficiently solve the proposed optimization model. The model is implemented in GAMS software and tested on the standard 39-bus test system. The numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework in improving the operational conditions of SDNs.