Microbial assessment and proximate composition of bread samples collected from different bakeries in Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria

• Published in: Notulae scientia biologicae Vol. 13; no. 1; p. 10873
• Main Authors: OJO, Segun S., ADEOYE, Adekunle O., AJALA, Adeladun S., OLADIPO, Iyabo C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cluj-Napoca Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania, SMTCT 2021; Society of Land Measurements and Cadastre from Transylvania (SMTCT)
• Subjects: Antiinfectives and antibacterials; Antimicrobial agents; antimicrobial; bread; contamination; inhibition and safety; Asepsis; Bakeries; Bakery products; Bread; Carbohydrates; Chloramphenicol; Chloromycetin; Composition; Contaminants; E coli; Food contamination; Food processing; Gentamicin; Microbial contamination; Microorganisms; Moisture content; Nutrition; Sensitivity analysis; Water content; Nigeria
• ISSN: 2067-3205; 2067-3264
• DOI: 10.15835/nsb13110873

Bread is a staple food in Nigeria and establishment of bakeries depend on the financial capacity and processing technique employed by processors. This has led to various breads in terms of nutrition and asepsis. In this study, three types of ready-to-eat bread were purchased from different bakery retail shops in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. The control sample was prepared in Food Science Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso. These samples were analyzed for proximate composition, bacterial and fungal contamination using standard microbial procedure (SMP) and disc diffusion method (DDM) for sensitivity test to investigate safety handling practices during production, distribution and anti-microbial effect on microbial contaminant.  The results of microbial analysis are as follows: total viable count (1.1 x103 - 4.5x103) cfu/g, coliform count (0-1.9x103) cfu/g, and mold count (0.3x 105 -3.7x105) cfu/g. The percentage of organisms isolated were E. coli. 15%, B. subtilis and S. aureus 20%, P. aureginosa 10%, S. cerevisiae 15.77%, R. stolonifer 13.46%, Mucor spp. and A. niger 18.08%, and P. notatum 7.69%. The result of the proximate analysis was as follows: protein (9.13- 9.79%), crude fat (1.64-4.50%), ash (1.32-1.77%), crude fibre (0.10-0.23%), moisture content (27.22 -29.05%) and carbohydrate (55.89-59.40%). The most sensitive antimicrobial agent was gentamycin across treatment. The organisms restricted septrin, augmenting, and chloramphenicol completely. Bacillus subtilis has the highest zone of inhibition with the use of gentamycin.