Peritoneal Lymphomatosis in a Pediatric Patient: A Peruvian Case Report

While NHL commonly affects lymph nodes, peritoneal lymphomatosis causing ascites is rare in pediatric patients. We present a unique case of DLBC lymphoma in a Peruvian child presenting as ascites associated with peritoneal lymphomatosis. The 11-year-old boy was admitted with ascites and dyspnea. Phy...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 16; no. 6; p. e62750
Main Authors Principe-Collazos, Junior, Ramos-Yataco, Anthony, Nombera-Aznaran, Natalia, Ramos-Orosco, Elizabeth J, Sangster-Carrasco, Lucero
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cureus Inc 20.06.2024
Subjects
Abdomen
Ascites
Biopsy
Blood pressure
Case reports
Children & youth
Childrens health
Disease
Epidemiology
Females
Heart rate
Hemoglobin
Industrialized nations
Lymphatic system
Lymphoma
Medical prognosis
Mortality
Neutrophils
Oxygen saturation
Patients
Pediatrics
Peritonitis
Thromboembolism
Tomography
Tuberculosis
Ultrasonic imaging
Peru
lymphomatosis
peru
unexplained ascites
peritoneal
pediatric
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Summary:While NHL commonly affects lymph nodes, peritoneal lymphomatosis causing ascites is rare in pediatric patients. We present a unique case of DLBC lymphoma in a Peruvian child presenting as ascites associated with peritoneal lymphomatosis. The 11-year-old boy was admitted with ascites and dyspnea. Physical examination revealed collateral circulation, abdominal distension, and diminished breath sounds. Investigations led to a suspected diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis; however, a laparoscopic biopsy showed granulomatous infiltration consistent with high-grade diffuse B-cell lymphoma. The peritoneal lymphomatosis causing ascites is uncommon, and its initial presentation as peritoneal symptoms is even rarer. Differential diagnosis between peritoneal tuberculosis and DLBCL involvement can be challenging due to both shared signs and symptoms. Staging systems, such as the International Pediatric NHL Staging System, aid in determining the extent of the disease. DLBCL has a good prognosis, with treatment regimens such as the LMB-89 protocol showing high overall survival rates. Awareness of DLBCL's atypical presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management in the pediatric population. To conclude, children with ascites represent a diagnostic challenge posed by overlapping symptoms with other conditions, such as tuberculosis, and the need for a comprehensive approach to rule out different etiologies. Additionally, it is important the prompt treatment to avoid complications.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Case Study-2
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ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.62750