MPEX High Heat Flux Plasma Dump Design, Manufacture, and Articles Test

• Published in: IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol. 50; no. 12; pp. 5085 - 5092
• Main Authors: Hussain, A., Branch, N., Ramanuj, V., Williams, B., Logan, K., Aaron, A., Gray, T., Kubik, A., Vidal, E. S., Osborne, J. S., Lumsdaine, A., Showers, G. S., Romesberg, R. L., Wolfe, D. E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York IEEE 01.12.2022; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Brazed joints; Brazing alloys; Computational fluid dynamics; Coolants; Copper base alloys; Design; Dynamic structural analysis; Energetic particles; Enthalpy; Fluctuations; Fluid dynamics; Heat; Heat flux; Heat resistant alloys; Heat transfer; Heating systems; High heat flux components; High temperature; Hydrodynamics; Materials selection; Molybdenum; Neutron irradiation; Plasma; plasma materials interaction; Plasma temperature; plasma-facing dump; Plasmas; Plasmas (physics); Research facilities; Stress; Superconducting magnets; Temperature distribution; Thermal conductivity; Titanium; Zirconium
• ISSN: 0093-3813; 1939-9375
• DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2022.3224641

The Material Plasma Exposure eXperiment (MPEX) device is a steady-state linear plasma device currently in the final design phase at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This device will reach ion fluences up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">10^{31}\,\,\text{m}^{-2} </tex-math></inline-formula> and will be used to expose neutron-irradiated materials to divertor-relevant plasmas and to study the effects of plasma-material interactions. These studies will elucidate the complex effects of plasmas with divertor candidate materials capable of withstanding high heat flux and high fluences for next-generation fusion devices. Bidirectional plasma will be generated using a high-power (200 kW) helicon source. Plasma will be confined by superconducting magnets. The last plasma-facing component on the upstream side of the MPEX device is the dump, which has been designed to intercept plasma and energetic particles. The dump will have a total heat load of 9.2 kW. A copper alloy (Glidcop AL-15) was selected for use in the water-cooled flange design because of its high thermal conductivity, its retaining strength at elevated temperatures, and its ability to be used in the high-temperature braze joints used in this application. Titanium-zirconium-molybdenum (TZM) tiles are brazed to the Glidcop AL-15 flange using high-temperature braze alloy. External water-cooling channels are used on the dump flange to prevent water leakage inside the vacuum space. This article discusses the details of the high heat flux dump design, including the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and structural analyses performed to validate the design to meet the operational requirements of the MPEX device.